Infection Prevention and Control

Chapter 28

Pathogens

Infectious Agents

Colonization

Organism that multiples within a host but without tissue invasion or damage

Infectious Disease

pathogens multiple and alter normal tissue function

Communicable disease

Disease that is transmitted from one person to another

pH

Acidity of the environment

Portal of Exit

Site where the pathogen leave the sick person so it can be passed on to someone else

Major route transmission

Unwashed hands of a healthcare worker

Virulence

ability to survive in the host or outside the body

susceptibility

individuals degree of resistance to pathogeni

immunocompromised

having a impared immune system

Reservior

A place where a pathogen survive

carriers

person who shows no symptoms of illness but who have the pathogens that are transferred to others (asymptomatic)

aerobic bacteria

bacteria that requires oxygen for survival

Anaerobic bacteria

bacteria that thrive with little or no free oxygen

Bacteriostasis

prevention of the growth an reproduction of bacteria by cold temperature

Bactericidal

a temperature or chemical that kills the bacteria

Hematemesis

Throwing up blood

Corticosteriods

Protein broken down to impair inflammation

(decreases the production of protein and supresses inflammation)

Cytotoxic and antineoplastic drugs

attack cancerous and noncancerous cells

E coli is what

why cant we treat asymptomatic colonizations with systemic antibodies

Because their isnt a infection present

resident flora

flora that lives on us= need friction to get rid of (surgical scrub)

Transient Flora

direct or indirect contact (hand washing washes it away)

HAI is from

workers not washing their hands ts

staphylococcus aures is what

Aerobic bacteria

what dont kill spores

alchol based hand sanitiizer (hand washing kills it)

Urine Ph

6.0 if urine sit sit becomes alkiline because bacteria grew

microorganism thrive where

In dark spaces , its very important to change dressing of wounds

Airborne requires what

negative pressure room

(ventilation that pushes air from the hallway into the room and pushes air from the room to outside the building)

Medical asepsis

hand washing

surgical asepsis

chemicals and heat kills bacterial

Localized symptoms

redness, warmth, pain, swelling, tightness

systemic symptoms

vomiting, fever, fatigues, lymphatic enlargment

Older adults what

immune system is weaker

phagocytosis

WBC destroys bacteria