key concepts for physics

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19 Terms

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Distance

speed × time

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Acceleration

(final velocity − initial velocity) ÷ time

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Force

mass × acceleration

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Weight

mass × gravitational field strength

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Change in gravitational potential energy

mass × gravity × change in height

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Kinetic energy

½ × mass × speed²

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Efficiency

useful energy output ÷ total energy input

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Wave speed

frequency × wavelength

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Work done

force × distance (moved in the direction of the force)

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Power

work done ÷ time = energy transferred ÷ time taken

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Moment of a force

force × perpendicular distance from pivot

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Energy transferred

charge moved × potential difference

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Charge

current × time = Q = It

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Voltage (Potential Difference)

current × resistance = V = IR

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Electrical power

current × potential difference = P = IV

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Density

mass ÷ volume = ρ = m ÷ V

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Force on a spring

spring constant × extension = F = kΔx

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Pressure

force ÷ area = P = F ÷ A

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Momentum

mass × velocity = p = mv