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Distance
speed × time
Acceleration
(final velocity − initial velocity) ÷ time
Force
mass × acceleration
Weight
mass × gravitational field strength
Change in gravitational potential energy
mass × gravity × change in height
Kinetic energy
½ × mass × speed²
Efficiency
useful energy output ÷ total energy input
Wave speed
frequency × wavelength
Work done
force × distance (moved in the direction of the force)
Power
work done ÷ time = energy transferred ÷ time taken
Moment of a force
force × perpendicular distance from pivot
Energy transferred
charge moved × potential difference
Charge
current × time = Q = It
Voltage (Potential Difference)
current × resistance = V = IR
Electrical power
current × potential difference = P = IV
Density
mass ÷ volume = ρ = m ÷ V
Force on a spring
spring constant × extension = F = kΔx
Pressure
force ÷ area = P = F ÷ A
Momentum
mass × velocity = p = mv