US.History

The Atlantic world

Oldest Surviving Globe

1492

Indians, indigenous and Native

Are all wrong terms for Native Americans so we can use all of them

Differences between North America and S/C America (numbers)

Native Americans population are higher in south and central america

Differences between North America and S/C America (civilization)

From the European perspective the Native living in South/Central America were more civilization was much higher in there

Differences between North America and S/C America (wealth)

From the European perspective the Native living in South/Central America were wealthier there (gold/silver)

Reconquista

(Spanish for "Reconquest") was the century-long period, 1100-1492 , where Christian kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) fought to retake lands from the Muslim Moors who had conquered the region, ending with the fall of Granada in 1492

Columbus

Was an Italian explorer and navigator.

Paid to find a easy way to find a another path to the Indies for the spices

Basically due to the reconquista the Muslims did not want to sell spices at reasonable price.

Was always wrong but still famous.

“Indies” refer to

South East Asia; spice trade

Encomienda

a grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Indigenous inhabitants of an area.

Encomenderos

were Spanish colonizers granted the right by the Spanish Crown to demand tribute (goods or labor) from specific groups of Indigenous peoples in a defined territory, in exchange for supposedly providing them with religious instruction in the Catholic fait

Problem in the new world

there no higher power

What is the difference between encomienda and encomendero?

The encomienda was receiving king favor was given the right to collect taxes from America. The man who received this favor was called an encomendero.

Spanish conquest ends in

1541

Spanish are known as

Black Death

Spanish slaves

involved the enslavement of Indigenous peoples in the Americas (incas, Aztecs)

French exploration (1540s)

they go to CANDAAAAAAAAA woop woop

Does English prefer conquest or colonization

Colonization, placing colonies in America and making those colonies work for English

conquest or colonization

Lost colony ronakoke island.

England's first attempt at a permanent New World settlement in 1587 on Roanoke Island (now North Carolina), whose 117 colonists vanished by 1590, leaving only "CROATOAN" carved on a post, sparking one of history's greatest mysteries, with theories suggesting assimilation with local tribes,

joint stock companies

spreads risk investment

First colony(1607)

Picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement (1607)

John Smith

English soldier, explorer, and leader crucial to establishing early Virginia

Hired muscle, spies on natives

Pocahontas does what for John smith

she “stops” him from getting “executed” (Really what happed was they would pretend to kill people and then welcome them into the tribe)

starving times

Starving Time at Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia was a period of starvation during the winter of 1609–1610.

Problem with James town

The people there can not work and they do not work so people die.

Headright Sytem

a colonial land grant program, starting in Jamestown, Virginia (1618), that gave settlers, or those who paid for their passage, 50 acres of land to attract population for labor

indentured servent

person, often poor or indebted, who agreed to work for a master for a set number of years (typically 4-7) in exchange for passage to the American colonies, plus room, board, and sometimes training

Tobacco Boom(1620)

Tobacco was colonial Virginia‘s most successful cash crop.

John Rolfe who obtained Spanish seeds when planted in the relatively rich bottomland of the James River, produced a milder, yet still dark leaf that soon became the European standard.

Powhatan War

relentless struggle between the Powhatan Indian confederacy and early English settlers in the tidewater section of Virginia and southern Maryland. The conflict resulted in the destruction of the Indian power.

Royalization of VA

King James I forthwith changed the status of Virginia in 1624. Virginia was now a royal colony to be administered by a governor appointed by the King

Puritan Beliefs

Communal Punishment

Biblical Primitivism

Congregationalism

Election

Communal Punishment

punishment targets an entire group for the wrongdoing of one or a few members, violating the principle of individual responsibility

Biblical Primitivism

belief that the original,1st-century church represents the purest form of Christianity and should be restored, rejecting later traditions

Only follow things that are in the bible dont follow anything thats not in the bible

Congregationalism

a Protestant tradition emphasizing the autonomy of each local church, where each member picks who can be in the church

Plymouth Colony 1620

Mayflower compacts

puritans

branch of Christianity starts in the 1570s-80s

Plymouth colony (1620)

Mayflower arrived in Plymouth Harbor on December 16, 1620 and the colonists began building their town. While houses were being built, the group continued to live on the ship.

Mayflower Compact

a legal contract that bound the Pilgrims together when they arrived in New England. They said we make our own community with are own rules

Massachusetts- bay colony

Massachusetts Bay Colony, one of the original English settlements in present-day boston, Massachusetts, settled in 1630 by a group of about 1,000

A model Christian Charity (sermon Massachusetts colony)

Winthrop's believes that this will be a model city for others to follow.

largely concerns the moral laws that should dictate the relationships between community members and commands people to love their neighbors as they love themselves.

King Philip's War

King Philip's War (native leader) was an armed conflict in 1675–1678 between a group of Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands against the English New England Colonies and their Indigenous allies

Colony that had the highest literacy and birth

Puritan colonies

Wampanoag indians

The Wampanoag, also rendered Wôpanâak, are a Native American people of the Northeastern Woodlands currently based in southeastern Massachusetts and formerly parts of eastern Rhode Island.

King Philip's (native leader) War did not like

when natives converted to puritans because when they did they stop being native abandoned their culture and everything that made them them

Mercantilism

IWealth is limited. Like if I bring a pie and someone eats half the pie you have only half to eat. So when spain gets rich other countries believe they are getting pore

ts goal was to increase the supply of a state's gold and silver with exports rather than to deplete it through imports.

Navigation acts

a series of laws passed by the British Parliament that imposed restrictions on colonial trade.

Basically legally prohibited for colonist to sell only to England

English civil war

The English Civil Wars were a catastrophic series of conflicts that took place in the middle of the 17th century. Fought between those loyal to the king, Charles I, and those loyal to Parliament, the wars divided the country at all levels of society. At the heart of the conflict were fundamental questions about power and religion

Monarchy vrs Parliament (English civil war)

n a constitutional monarchy, by contrast, there is a strong element of dual legitimacy in that parliament and the monarch need each other's support in order to form or terminate a government.

anglicans vs puritans(English civil war)

Basically, the Angelican church broke off from the Catholic church in name only; they retained many of the practices of the Catholic church. Certain groups within the Angelican church wanted complete do-away with tradition and reform of church practices. They were the Puritans

What was charles 1 in trial for

treason because he does not take care of England

who succeeds charles 1

Charles 2

Who success charles 2

James , Charles brother but he doesn’t event want to be king

Protectorate

a state that is controlled and protected by another.

Glorious Revolution

The term Glorious Revolution refers to the series of events in 1688‐89 which culminated in the exile of King James II and the accession to the throne of William and Mary.

Glorious Revolution effects

Permanence of Parliament, English Bill of Rights (Taxation without representation)

proclamation line

British-imposed boundary, established on October 7, 1763, along the Appalachian Mountains to prevent westward colonial settlement, appease Native American tribes, and reduce frontier conflict after the Seven Years' War

French Indian Seven year war

calating territorial disputes between Great Britain and France over the valuable Ohio River Valley, fueled by economic competition, westward colonial expansion, and strategic contro

Capture of Quebec City

The Battle of the Plains of Abraham, also known as the Battle of Quebec, was a pivotal battle in the Seven Years' War – referred to by Americans as the French and Indian War in describing the North American theatre

Peace of Paris

formally ended the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War) between Great Britain, France, and Spain

taxes sugar act,stamp act

While the Sugar Act was a duty only on foreign goods, the Stamp Act taxed items within the colonies

• sugar act was actually a lower tax but the colonist just avoid them

• they aren’t angry on the tac but taxation without representation