Fluoroscopy Procedures Review

Flashcards about Fluoroscopy procedures

What does GI Fluoroscopy - Barium Swallow assess and what are its indications?

Assesses oesophagus and pharynx, provides structural and functional information, uses fluoroscopy, high kV & low time exposure. Indications include dysphagia, dyspepsia, and GORD.

What is the procedure for Barium Swallow?

Single or double study, barium solution, patient position (standing then prone), pulsed images acquired.

What does a Barium Meal examine and what are its indications?

Examines stomach, duodenum, and oesophagus for ulcers, tumours, swallowing, and emptying issues. Often used in conjunction with swallow.

What are the indications for a Barium Follow Through/Small bowel series?

?Crohn’s, ?partial small bowel obstruction, function and condition of small bowel, unexplained abdominal pain, malabsorption syndrome, GI bleed, small bowel fistula.

What part of the body is examined during a barium enema?

large bowel (colon)

What are the indications for a Barium Enema?

Unexplained weight loss, blood in stools, inflammatory bowel disease, fistula, bowel obstruction, failed colonoscopy.

What is the procedure for a Barium Enema?

Clean bowel, low residue diet, suppository, tube insertion (lateral position), barium administration (patient roll), bowel drainage, air introduction, spot images.

What is the purpose of ERCP (biliary fluoroscopy)?

Diagnose and treat conditions of bile ducts using an endoscope and fluoroscopy with contrast media.

What is the procedure for ERCP?

Endoscope in duodenum, guidewire into biliary tree, contrast media introduced, evidence of calculi/dilated ducts, balloon dilation/stent insertion.

What are some complications of ERCP?

Pancreatitis, infection, bleeding or perforation.

What is MRCP?

Non-invasive alternative to ERCP; MRI-based; diagnostic only.

What is MCU (Micturating Cystourethrogram)?

Dynamic study of bladder, ureters, urethra during voiding.

What are the indications for MCU?

Children suffering recurrent UTIs (ureteric reflux OR chronic infections of kidney).

What is the procedure for MCU?

Insert catheter, contrast dye, fluoroscopy imaging of bladder while voiding, spot images.

What is a Urethrogram?

Urethra, retrograde injection of contrast media.

What are the indications for a Urethrogram?

?stricture, planning for grafting, post surgery complications, trauma.

What does RPG (Retrograde Pyelogram) examine?

kidneys, ureters

What is the procedure for RPG?

GA or heavily sedated, ureteral catheter → bladder, contrast injection, image intensifier follows ureters, can collect stones.

What are the indications for Percutaneous Nephrostomy?

Urinary tract obstruction, injury/urine leak, access for percutaneous procedures, diagnostic testing.

What does a Cystogram demonstrate?

Tumours, stones, diverticula, fistula, abnormalities, congenital bladder outlet obstruction, dysfunctional voiding, vesico-uretal reflux (VUR), post-operational.

What is the procedure for a Cystogram?

Patient voids, catheter → bladder, contrast media fills bladder, image of bladder filling, post micturition image.

What is Antegrade?

CM introduced via catheter in collecting system (proximal to distal).

What does Retrograde mean?

Against normal flow (distal to proximal).

What are some radiation safety steps?

Use collimation, shielding, short pulses.

What are some imaging considerations?

Lateral + AP views often captured. Watch for contrast outlines, leaks, abnormal transit