Unit 3 Muscles of the Thigh

Psoas Major (origin)

vertebral bodies T12-L5,

intervertebral discs T12-L5,

and transverse processes lumbar vertebrae

Psoas Major (insertion)

conjoined tendon with Iliacus to lesser trochanter of femur,

forming Iliopsoas

Psoas Major (function)

flexes thigh at hip joint

Psoas Major (innervation)

anterior rami L1-L3

Iliacus (origin)

superior 2/3 Iliac fossa,

iliac crest,

sacrum

Iliacus (insertion)

conjoined tendon with psoas major to lesser trochanter of femur,

forming Iliopsoas

Iliacus (function)

flex thigh at hip joint

Iliacus (innervation)

Femoral N

Gluteus Maximus (origin)

posterior part of iliac crest,

lateral edge of sacrum and coccyx

Gluteus Maximus (insertion)

gluteal tuberosity of femur,

iliotibial tract

Gluteus Maximus (function)

extend flexed femur at hip joint,

lateral stabilizer of hip and knee,

laterally rotates thigh,

abducts thigh

Gluteus Maximus (innervation)

Inferior Gluteal N

Gluteus Medius (origin)

posterior part of iliac blade

Gluteus Medius (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus Medius (function)

abducts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Medius (innervation)

Superior Gluteal N

Gluteus Minimus (origin)

posterior part of iliac blade

Gluteus Minimus (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus Minimus (function)

abducts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Minimus (innervation)

Superior Gluteal N

Tensor Fasciae Latae (origin)

outer lip of iliac crest

Tensor Fasciae Latae (insertion)

lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract

Tensor Fasciae Latae (function)

stabilizes the knee in extension

Tensor Fasciae Latae (innervation)

Superior Gluteal N

Piriformis (origin)

anterior surface of sacrum

Piriformis (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Piriformis (function)

laterally rotates an extended femur at hip,

abducts flexed femur at hip joint

Piriformis (innervation)

branches of spinal nerves S1, S2

Gemellus Superior (origin)

ischial spine

Gemellus Superior (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Gemellus Superior (function)

laterally rotates extended femur at hip,

abducts flexed femur at hip

Gemellus Superior (innervation)

Nerve to Obturator Internus

Obturator Internus (origin)

anterolateral wall of true pelvis,

bone surrounding obturator foramen, obturator membrane (deep surface),

superior ramus of pubis

Obturator Internus (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Obturator Internus (function)

laterally rotates extended femur at hip,

abducts flexed femur at hip

Obturator Internus (innervation)

Nerve to Obturator Internus

Gemellus Inferior (origin)

ischial tuberosity (of ischium)

Gemellus Inferior (insertion)

greater trochanter of femur

Gemellus Inferior (function)

laterally rotates extended femur at hip,

abducts flexed femur at hip

Gemellus Inferior (innervation)

Nerve to Quadratus femoris

Quadratus Femoris (origin)

lateral aspect of ischium, anterior to Ischial Tuberosity

Quadratus Femoris (insertion)

intertrochanteric crest of femur

Quadratus Femoris (function)

laterally rotates femur at hip joint

Quadratus Femoris (innervation)

Nerve to Quadratus Femoris

Obturator Externus (origin)

external surface of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

Obturator Externus (insertion)

trochanteric fossa of femur

Obturator Externus (function)

laterally rotates femur at hip joint

Obturator Externus (innervation)

Obturator N

Gracilis (origin)

external surface of body of pubis,

ischiopubic ramus

Gracilis (insertion)

medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

Gracilis (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

flexes leg at knee joint

Gracilis (innervation)

Obturator N

Adductor Longus (origin)

external surface of body of pubis

Adductor Longus (insertion)

linea aspera of femur

Adductor Longus (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh at hip joint

Adductor Longus (innervation)

Obturator N

Pectineus (origin)

pectineal line of pubis

Pectineus (insertion)

pectineal line of femur (posterior surface of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter)

Pectineus (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

flex thigh at hip joint

Pectineus (innervation)

Femoral N

Adductor Brevis (origin)

external surface of pubis,

inferior pubic ramus

Adductor Brevis (insertion)

linea aspera of femur,

posterior surface of femur

Adductor Brevis (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh at hip

Adductor Brevis (innervation)

Obturator N

Adductor Magnus - Adductor Component (origin)

ischiopubic ramus

Adductor Magnus - Adductor Component (insertion)

posterior surface of femur,

linea aspera of femur

Adductor Magnus - Adductor Component (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh at hip joint

Adductor Magnus - Adductor Component (innervation)

Obturator N

Adductor Magnus - Hamstring Component (origin)

ischial tuberosity ischium

Adductor Magnus - Hamstring Component (insertion)

adductor tubercle of femur

Adductor Magnus - Hamstring Component (function)

ADDucts thigh at hip joint,

medially rotates thigh at hip joint

Adductor Magnus - Hamstring Component (innervation)

Tibial portion of Sciatic N

Rectus Femoris (origin)

anterior inferior iliac spine,

ilium superior to acetabulum

Rectus Femoris (insertion)

patella via quadriceps femoris tendon

Rectus Femoris (function)

extends leg at knee joint,

flex thigh at hip joint

Rectus Femoris (innervation)

Femoral nerve

Vastus Lateralis (origin)

intertrochanteric line of femur,

greater trochanter femur,

linea aspera femur

Vastus Lateralis (insertion)

patella via Quadriceps Femoris tendon

Vastus Lateralis (function)

extend leg at knee joint

Vastus Lateralis (innervation)

Femoral N

Vastus Medialis (origin)

intertrochanteric line of femur,

linea aspera of femur,

pectineal line of femur

Vastus Medialis (insertion)

patella via quadriceps femoris tendon

Vastus Medialis (function)

extend leg at knee joint

Vastus Medialis (innervation)

Femoral N

Vastus Intermedius (origin)

femoral shaft, upper 2/3s

Vastus Intermedius (insertion)

patella via quadriceps femoris tendon

Vastus Intermedius (function)

extend leg at knee joint

Vastus Intermedius (innervation)

Femoral N

Sartorius (origin)

anterior superior iliac spine

Sartorius (insertion)

medial surface tibia inferomedial to tibial tuberosity

Sartorius (function)

flexes thigh at hip joint,

flexes leg at knee joint

Sartorius (innervation)

Femoral N

Biceps Femoris - Long Head (origin)

ischial tuberosity

Biceps Femoris - Long Head (insertion)

head of fibula

Biceps Femoris - Long Head (function)

flex the leg at knee joint,

extend and laterally rotate thigh at hip joint,

laterally rotates leg at knee joint

Biceps Femoris - Long Head (innervation)

Tibial Portion of Sciatic N

Biceps Femoris - Short Head (origin)

linea aspera of femur,

lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

Biceps Femoris - Short Head (insertion)

head of fibula

Biceps Femoris - Short Head (function)

flex the leg at knee joint

Biceps Femoris - Short Head (innervation)

Common Fibular Nerve (of Sciatic N)