UNIT 9 FLASHCARDS

activation energy

the amount of energy needed for a reaction to begin

calorimeter

an insulated container used to determine the amount of energy exchanged during a chemical reaction or physical process

condensation

the transition of gaseous particles to liquid particles through a decrease in temperature

deposition

the transition of gaseous particles to solid particles through a decrease in temperature

endothermic

a reaction in which energy is absorbed as heat from the surroundings

energy diagram

graph which shows the changes in enthalpy that occur during the progress of a reaction

enthalpy

the amount of heat exchanged between reactants and products during a chemical reaction

entropy

the measure of dispersal or randomness of particles in a system

exothermic

a reaction in which energy is released as heat to the surroundings

freezing

the transition of liquid particles to solid particles through a decrease in temperature

heating curve

graphically shows the phase changes that occur with an increase in temperature

heat of fusion

the amount of energy required to melt on more of solid

heat of vaporization

the amount of energy required to boil one more of a liquid

joule

the SI unit used to measure heat or energy

law of conservation of energy

states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed

melting

the transition of solid particles to liquid particles through an increase in temperature

phase diagram

graph that shows the phases of a substance under different conditions of pressure and temperature

specific heat

the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by 1°C

spontaneous

a reaction or process that can occur without outside intervention

sublimation

the transition of solid particles to gaseous particles through an increase in temperature

system

refers to the reaction or process being observed

thermochemistry

the study of energy exchanges during reactions or processes

transition state

an intermediate structure during the course of a reaction which is no longer reactant but not yet product

triple point

the conditions at which all three phases of matter exist at the same time

vaporization

the transition of liquid particles to gaseous particles through an increase in temperature