Experiment 1

What laboratory experiment topic covers the handling and animal restraint of laboratory test animals?

Experiment 1

What Asian Old World nonhuman primate species is frequently used in biomedical research?

Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)

What scientific name refers to the rhesus macaque?

Macaca mulatta

What type of species classification is the rhesus macaque?

Asian Old World nonhuman primate species

What main field predominantly uses the rhesus macaque in research?

Biomedical research

What predominant field in biomedical research uses the rhesus macaque to study the nervous system?

Neuroscience

What predominant field in biomedical research uses the rhesus macaque to study transmissible pathogens and infections?

Infectious disease

What predominant field in biomedical research uses the rhesus macaque to study immune system responses?

Immunology

What predominant field in biomedical research uses the rhesus macaque to study reproductive systems?

Reproductive physiology

Aside from mice, rats, and rabbits, what nonhuman primates are used in laboratory experiments?

Macaques (specifically the rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta)

At what stage of life are rhesus macaques taken from their mothers in stress research?

As infants

Why are infant rhesus macaques taken from their mothers in maternal-deprivation experiments?

To study how extreme stress might affect human behavior

What specific experiments take infants from their mothers to study how extreme stress might affect human behavior?

Maternal-deprivation experiments

What type of brain experiments are performed on rhesus macaques?

Invasive brain experiments

What type of biological preparation tests use rhesus macaques?

Vaccine tests

What manufacturing process utilizes rhesus macaques?

Vaccine production

What specific category of neurological diseases is studied using rhesus macaques?

Neurodegenerative diseases

What is the scientific name of cats used in laboratory experiments?

Felis catus

In what field of research are cats (Felis catus) most commonly used?

Neurology research

What specific physical damage is studied in neurology research using cats?

Spinal cord injury

What sensory problem is studied using cats in neurology research?

Problems related to vision

What physiological state problem is studied using cats in neurology research?

Problems related to sleep

What auditory problem is studied using cats in neurology research?

Problems related to hearing

Why do cats continue to be used in neurology research?

Because so much is known about their neurological functions

What physical damage is inflicted on cats in spinal cord movement experiments?

Have their spinal cords damaged

What exercise equipment are spinal-damaged cats forced to run on?

Treadmills

Why are spinal-damaged cats forced to run on treadmills?

To study how nerve activity might affect human limb movement

What oncological disease is studied using cats?

Cancer

What hereditary disorders are studied using cats?

Genetic disorders

What specific viral disease is studied using cats?

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

What is the scientific name of dogs used in laboratory experiments?

Canis lupus familiaris

What aspect of pharmaceutical substances is tested using dogs?

Safety of drugs

What aspect of health apparatuses is tested using dogs?

Safety of medical devices

What broad group of pest control chemicals is safety tested using dogs?

Pesticides

What specific pesticide used to kill unwanted plants is safety tested using dogs?

Weed killer

What specific pesticide used to deter insects is safety tested using dogs?

Insect repellent

What specific pesticide used to kill rodents is safety tested using dogs?

Rat poison

What cardiovascular organ is deliberately damaged or removed in dogs?

Hearts

What respiratory organ is deliberately damaged or removed in dogs?

Lungs

What renal organ is deliberately damaged or removed in dogs?

Kidneys

Why are the hearts, lungs, or kidneys of dogs deliberately damaged or removed?

To study how experimental substances might affect human organ function

What research field focusing on heart disease widely uses dogs?

Cardiology

What research field focusing on endocrine glands widely uses dogs?

Endocrinology

What research field focusing on skeletal structures widely uses dogs?

Bone and joint diseases

What percentage of resemblance do mice demonstrate to humans?

99.9%

In what structural biological aspect do mice exhibit striking similarity to humans?

Anatomy

In what functional system aspect do mice exhibit striking similarity to humans?

Physiology

In what hereditary molecular aspect do mice exhibit striking similarity to humans?

Genetics

What practical advantage do mice have regarding handling and maintenance?

Easy to care and handle

How do the cost requirements of mice compare to other species?

Relatively inexpensive compared to other species

What physical dimension characteristic describes mice?

Small

What reproductive timing characteristic describes mice?

Short generation time

What lifespan characteristic describes mice?

Accelerated lifespan

What financial aspect of research is kept minimal by the small size, short generation time, and accelerated lifespan of mice?

Costs required to perform research

What physical laboratory requirement is kept minimal by the small size of mice?

Space required to perform research

What temporal requirement is kept minimal by the short generation time and accelerated lifespan of mice?

Time required to perform research

What primary physical characteristic is identified as a disadvantage of mice?

Small size

How does the small size of mice impact experimental interventions?

Limits the procedure that may be performed

How does the small size of mice impact sample collection volume?

Limits the sample volume size that can be obtained from an individual animal

What specific fluid volume collection is limited by the small size of mice?

Volume of blood that can be collected from an individual animal

What category of laboratory animal handling hazards includes bites, scratches, and sharp objects?

Physical hazards

What category of laboratory animal handling hazards includes solvents, acids, fixatives, and sterilants?

Chemical hazards

What category of laboratory animal handling hazards is of greatest concern when animals are infected naturally or intentionally?

Biological hazards

What physical injury caused by animal teeth is classified as a physical hazard?

Bites

What physical injury caused by animal claws is classified as a physical hazard?

Scratches

What sharp hazard tool used for injections is classified as a physical hazard?

Needles

What sharp material hazard resulting from damaged laboratory equipment is classified as a physical hazard?

Broken glass

What sharp fluid apparatus is classified as a physical hazard?

Syringes

What sharp surgical cutting tool is classified as a physical hazard?

Scalpels

What chemical subcategory includes saline and acetone?

Solvents

What common solvent chemical used in animal laboratories is saline?

Saline

What common organic solvent chemical used in animal laboratories is acetone?

Acetone

What chemical subcategory includes hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid?

Acids

What specific acid chemical used in animal laboratories is hydrochloric acid?

Hydrochloric acid

What specific acid chemical used in animal laboratories is sulfuric acid?

Sulfuric acid

What chemical subcategory includes formalin?

Fixatives

What is the most common fixative chemical used in animal laboratories?

Formalin

What chemical subcategory includes glutaraldehyde and chlorine dioxide?

Sterilants

What specific chemical sterilant used in animal laboratories is glutaraldehyde?

Glutaraldehyde

What specific chemical sterilant used in animal laboratories is chlorine dioxide?

Chlorine dioxide

What micro-organisms present a biological hazard when animals are infected part of experimental work?

Bacteria

What acellular agents present a biological hazard when animals are infected part of experimental work?

Viruses

What general term defines infections transmitted by animals to humans?

Zoonotic diseases (or Zoonosis)

What zoonotic disease is caused by Bartonella henselae?

Cat Scratch Fever

What is the causative agent of Cat Scratch Fever?

Bartonella henselae

How is Cat Scratch Fever transmitted to humans?

Through cat bites or scratches

What is the incubation period of Cat Scratch Fever?

1 to 2 weeks

What zoonotic disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus?

Echinococcosis

What is the causative agent of Echinococcosis?

Echinococcus granulosus

What is the alternate name for Echinococcosis?

Hydatid disease

How is Echinococcosis transmitted to humans?

Through the ingestion of eggs excreted by dogs or sheep

What is the incubation period of Echinococcosis?

Around 74 to 80 days

What zoonotic disease is caused by Leptospira interrogans?

Leptospirosis

What is the causative agent of Leptospirosis?

Leptospira interrogans

What animals normally transmit Leptospirosis?

Rodents

Through what fluid vector is Leptospirosis transmitted from infected rodents?

Infected urine

What is the incubation period of Leptospirosis?

5 to 14 days

What zoonotic disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi?

Lyme Disease

What is the causative agent of Lyme Disease?

Borrelia burgdorferi

What vector transmits Lyme Disease, especially from rodents?

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