a2.2 BIOLOGY study guide, TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

what are the characteristics of life?

Metabolism, response, homeostasis, growth, excretion, reproduction, and nutrition

What are the different parts of cell theory

All living things are made of cells, cells are the smallest unit of life, and new cells come from preexisting cells

if the scale bar is 5um, and measures 13mm, how would you set that up to find magnification?

13000/5

How are human blood cells different from typical cells?

They don’t have a nucleus

How do striated muscle cells and fungal hyphae differ from typical cells

They are larger than a normal cell

What cells are atypical from regular cells

Striated Muscle Cells, Fungal Hyphae, Human blood cells

What is the function of the prokaryote organelle “Pili”

responsible for cell adhesion

What is the function of the prokaryote organelle “Flagella”

Responsible for movement

What is the function of the prokaryote organelle “The Nucleoid Region”

is responsible for DNA

What is the function of the prokaryote organelle “Ribosomes”

responsible for protein synthesis

How do Prokaryotes reproduce?

Dna is replicated and separates through binary fission

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle “Mitochondria”

produces ATP for the cell via aerobic cell respiration

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle “Golgi”

processes proteins

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle “Endoplasmic Reticulum”

aids in transportation and synthesis of proteins

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle “Chloroplasts”

are responsible for making food and photosynthesizing.

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle the “Cell Wall”

provides support and protection for the cell

What is the function of the eukaryote organelle “Lysosomes”

aid in digestion, breaking down food with enzymes

what is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes are multicellular organisms with a nucleus, while prokaryotes are unicellular organisms with no compartmentalization and a nucleoid region

What is the function of the plants cell wall?

Protection, support, structure

What are extracelluar structures?

Things outside of the cell membrane

what are examples of extracellular structures

Pili, cell wall, Flagella

What does the M stand for in MRHGERN?

Metabolism

What do the two R’s stand for in MRHGERN?

Reproduction and Response

What does the H stand for in MRHGERN?

Homeostasis

What does the G stand for in MRHGERN?

Growth

What does the E stand for in MRHGERN?

Excretion

What does the N stand for in MRHGERN?

Nutrition

what are the smallest unit of life?

cells

How many zeros are added to convert MM to UM

3