Ch. 4- Progressive Era

progressivism

movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms

muckraker

journalists who expose the ills of society through their writing

Lincoln Steffens

published the Shame of Cities which exposed political corruption

Jacob Riis

photographer that exposed the living conditions in the tenements

Upton Sinclair

author of the Jungle that exposed the meat packing industry

Social Gospel

reform movement that emerged in the late 19th century that sought to improve society by applying Christian principles

settlement house

a center offering help to the urban poor

Jane Addams

she opened the first settlement house in Chicago named the Hull House

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

a factory fire that killed 146 workers trapped in the building; led to new safety standard laws

direct primary

an election in which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections

initiative

gave people the power to put a proposed new law directly on the ballot

referendum

allowed citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature

recall

power to remove public servants from office before their term ended

17th amendment

direct election of senators

Ida Tarbell

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

Ida B. Wells

African American journalist. published statistics about lynching

Progressive Issues

political corruption, women's rights, environmental conservation, working conditions, living conditions, racism, monopolies

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

a factory fire that killed 146 workers trapped in the building; led to new safety standard laws

temperance movement

movement to eliminate alcohol

18th amendment

prohibit the sale, manufacture, and distribution of alcohol

Susan B. Anthony

lead the movement for women's suffrage

19th amendment

amendment that gives women the right to vote

Margaret Sanger

opened the first birth control clinic

NAACP

organization to help middle class African Americans

Anti-Defamation League

group to defend Jews

Teddy Roosevelt

becomes president due to McKinley dying

Square Deal

Teddy Roosevelt's campaign promise

Hepburn Act

set maximum shipping rates for railroads

Elkins Act

imposed fines on railroads that gave special rates

Pure Food and Drug Act

placing labels on foods and medicines

Meat Inspection Act

allowed government to inspect meat before it was sold

progressive presidents in order

Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson

Federal Reserve

oversees the nation's banks

16th amendment

income tax