DATABASE CONCEPT IN HRIS

RELATIONAL DATABASES

A relational database is a collection of information that organizes data in predefined relationships where data is stored in one or more tables (or "relations") of columns and rows, making it easy to see and understand how different data structures relate to each other. Relationships are a logical connection between different tables, established on the basis of interaction among these tables. Examples: Cloud SQL, Cloud Spanner and AlloyDB for PostgreSQL

NoSQL DATABASES

use a variety of data models for accessing and managing data. These types of databases are optimized specifically for applications that require flexible data models, large data volume, and low latency, which are achieved by relaxing some of the data consistency restrictions of relational databases. Examples: Document-based databases, Key-value stores, Column-oriented databases, Graph-based databases

DATA STRUCTURES

A database is an organized collection of data. Instead of having all the data in a list with a random order, a database provides a structure to organize the data.

 Tables: Fundamental units of storage in relational databases, containing records (rows) and fields (columns).

 Indexes: Used to speed up data retrieval operations.

 Views: Virtual tables that provide a specific view of the data, often used for reporting.

Data Integrity & Consistency

Primary Keys: Unique identifiers for records in a table.

 Foreign Keys: Ensure referential integrity by linking records in different tables.

 Constraints: Rules enforced on data columns to maintain data integrity.

DATA MANAGEMENT

The process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and dependency, typically involving dividing large tables into smaller ones and defining relationships