Sociology 100: Socialization and Media Studies midterm 2

A comprehensive set of flashcards focusing on key concepts and definitions related to socialization, media studies, and theories discussed in the Sociology 100 course.

Socialization

The lifelong social learning process a person undergoes to become a capable member of society.

Acculturation

The process of teaching and learning the culture of a society, incorporating its values, beliefs, and practices.

Nature vs. Nurture

The debate regarding whether human behavior is determined by biological forces (nature) or influenced by the environment (nurture).

Social Isolation

The lack of social interactions that can impact health outcomes.

Social Connectedness

A protective factor for mental and physical health, providing a buffer against the effects of isolation.

Agents of Socialization

Key individuals, groups, or institutions that influence personal attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.

Primary Socialization

The initial learning of values, norms, and behaviors, primarily through family.

Peer Groups

The second most important agent of socialization, providing companionship and social support.

Media as an Agent of Socialization

Includes print, film, radio, television, and the internet, determining how information is conveyed.

Learning Theory

A theory that focuses on how individuals learn behaviors through their interactions with the environment.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior.

Social Learning Theory

A theory stating that we learn behaviors by observing and imitating others.

Bobo Doll Experiment

Demonstrated that children imitate aggressive behavior observed in adults.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Developed by Freud, it focuses on the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.

ID

The part of the psyche that seeks pleasure and is compulsive and unconscious.

Superego

Represents internalized societal restraints and moral standards.

EGO

The conscious aspect that mediates between primal urges and societal expectations.

Functionalist Theory

Examines how socialization promotes conformity and social harmony.

Social Harmony

The stability of society that relies on the solidarity and cooperation of individuals.

The Wallet Experiment

A measure of honesty in world cities by observing wallet returns.

Secondary Socialization

Later acquisition of norms and behaviors from sources like schools and media.

Anticipatory Socialization

Preparing for future roles through observation and imitation.

Resocialization

The process of discarding old behaviors and adopting new ones due to significant life changes.

Total Institutions

Organizations where individuals are isolated for resocialization purposes.

Data Curation

Actively managing and maintaining data for accessibility and use.

Social Roles

Expected behaviors and responsibilities associated with a particular social position.

Mass Media

Encompasses technologies and practices that produce and disseminate information on a large scale.

Methods for Following News

Ranking of accessing news: Internet (80%), Television (67%), Newspapers (36%).

Block Printing

Originated around 700 BCE in China for cards, calendars, and advertisements.

Printing Press

Developed by Gutenberg around 1450, marking the start of mass media.

Telegraph

Introduced in 1843 using Morse code for long-distance communication.

Silent Film

Emerging in the 1880s, it was an early form of entertainment prior to sound films.

Internet

Established in 1967, it revolutionized communication and information access.

Short-Term Media Effects

Immediate impacts of media exposure, such as advertisements.

Long-Term Media Effects

Cumulative impact of media exposure over time, such as desensitization to violence.

Structural Functionalism

Theoretical perspective focusing on how media contributes to social stability.

Hegemony in Media

Concept by Gramsci explaining how the dominant ideology is accepted voluntarily by the populace.

Political Economy Perspective

Studies power relations at the intersection of media, economics, and politics.

Critical Questions of Media

Inquiries about ownership and control, and who decides what is news.

Feminist Theory in Media

Analyzes how media institutions primarily portray women as objects.

Media and Gender Representation

Reflects and reinforces gender roles primarily through advertisements.

Symbolic Interactionism in Media Studies

Focuses on how media creates social discourses and constructions of reality.

Erving Goffman's Gender Advertisements

Study showing how media curates images of masculinity and femininity.

Advertisements

Evolve as audience identities and perceptions shift.

Positioning Differences in Ads

Observations of how genders are portrayed in differing positions, emphasizing stereotypes.

Cultural Integration through Sports

Hockey serves as a common denominator for immigrant integration in Canada.

Hockey Night in Canada: Punjabi Edition

Example of media promoting multiculturalism through sports.

Dominant Ideology in Media

Mass media often promotes the beliefs of the dominant social group.

Cohesion through Conformity

Socialization assists in maintaining social order and societal cohesion.

Cultural Norms

Standards of behavior within a culture that guide individual actions.