Chapter 20

A client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse how his or her prescriptions will help him or her. Which response should the nurse provide?

1) "The prescriptions will help prevent muscle wasting."

2) "The prescriptions will increase your appetite and energy."

3) "The prescriptions will balance serotonin and acetylcholine in your brain."

4) "The prescriptions will help you to eat and walk."

4) "The prescriptions will help you to eat and walk."

(Pg. 265)

The nurse is providing education for a client about the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease. Which information should the nurse include? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

1) More women than men have Alzheimer's disease.

2) The disease is characterized by the degeneration of the neurons.

3) Chronic inflammation of the brain may be a cause of the disease.

4) The disease mainly affects people over 50 years of age.

3) Chronic inflammation of the brain may be a cause of the disease.

Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for the patient with Parkinson's disease?

1) Monitor the client for the ability to chew and swallow.

2) Check peripheral circulation for thrombophlebitis.

3) Monitor the client for psychotic symptoms.

4) Limit exercise to decrease the possibility of fractures.

1) Monitor the client for the ability to chew and swallow.

The nurse is caring for an older adult prescribed benztropine (Cogentin). For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the patient?

1) Confusion

2) Bradycardia

3) Diarrhea

4) Agitation

1) Confusion

Which assessment finding warrants the nurse to hold the dosage of benztropine (Cogentin) and notify the healthcare provider?

1) A respiratory rate of 14

2) A pulse of 112

3) Blood pressure of 142/80 mmHg

4) A temperature of 100.2°F

2) A pulse of 112

The nurse is reviewing the prescription history for a client receiving levodopa (Stalevo). Which routine prescription is most concerning?

1) Aspirin

2) Metformin

3) Calcium antacid

4) Synthroid

3) Calcium antacid

Which assessment finding in an older adult prescribed levodopa (Stalevo) should the nurse be most concerned with?

1) Hypertension

2) Diarrhea

3) Muscle twitching

4) Dark urine

3) Muscle twitching

The nurse is preparing to provide education for a client prescribed carbidopa (Sinemet). Which information should the nurse include?

1) Avoid drinking caffeinated beverages.

2) Take the medication with meals.

3) Take the medication on an empty stomach.

4) Take the medication with a protein food.

3) Take the medication on an empty stomach.

The nurse is providing education to the family member of a client with Alzheimer's disease. Which information should the nurse include in the discussion?

1) "The prescription may help with the symptoms for a little while."

2) "The prescription may have serious side effects if used for a long time."

3) "Symptoms will improve as long as the prescription is taken regularly."

4) "Symptoms should begin improving within a few days."

1) "The prescription may help with the symptoms for a little while."

The nurse is preparing to assess a client with multiple sclerosis. Which assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?

1) Skeletal muscle atrophy

2) Tremors

3) Visual disturbances

4) Muscle rigidity

3) Visual disturbances

The nurse has completed the education for a client prescribed levodopa (Stalevo). Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information?

1) "I will increase the intake of vitamin B6 in my diet."

2) "I will weigh myself weekly."

3) "I will increase the protein in my diet."

4) "I will notify my healthcare provider if my urine darkens."

2) "I will weigh myself weekly."

(Pg. 276)

A client is prescribed trihexyphenidyl (Artane). Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?

1) Dry mouth

2) Anorexia

3) Hypertension

4) Urinary retention

4) Urinary retention

The nurse is caring for a client suspected of overdosing on donepezil (Aricept). Which prescription should the nurse prepare to administer?

1) Physostigmine

2) Epinephrine

3) Atropine

4) Gastric lavage with charcoal

3) Atropine

Which best describes the action of Glatiramer (Copaxone)?

1) Stimulates the production of neurons

2) Stimulates the growth of myelin

3) Inhibits the destruction of myelin

4) Reduces the creation of new brain lesions

4) Reduces the creation of new brain lesions

A client with multiple sclerosis asks the nurse how Dalfampridine (Ampyra) will help them. Which response should the nurse provide?

1) "Dalfampridine will lessen the cognitive deficits that occur with MS."

2) "Dalfampridine will decrease the number of mood alterations."

3) "The prescription will disrupt the visual disturbances that occur with MS."

4) "The prescription will improve your ability to walk."

4) "The prescription will improve your ability to walk." (Pg. 275)

Which should the nurse understand is the action of the pharmacotherapy used to treat Parkinson's disease?

1) Increase the amount of dopamine and reduce the amount of acetylcholine.

2) Increase the amount of dopamine and acetylcholine.

3) Reduce the amount of dopamine and increase the amount of acetylcholine.

4) Reduce the amount of dopamine and acetylcholine.

1) Increase the amount of dopamine and reduce the amount of acetylcholine.

(Pg. 265)

Which should the nurse recognize is the benefit of a prescription for levodopa for a client with Parkinson's disease?

1) Crosses the blood-brain barrier

2) Has fewer adverse effects

3) Less risk for addiction

4) Can be administered intravenously

1) Crosses the blood-brain barrier (Pg. 266)

Which statement best describes the contributing factor to the structural change that occurs in the brain of a patient with Alzheimer's disease?

1) Increased acetylcholine levels

2) Increases in blood pressure and cholesterol levels

3) Chronic inflammation and oxidative cellular damage

4) Cerebral bleeding and associated hypoxia

3) Chronic inflammation and oxidative cellular damage (Pg. 270)

Which prescription should the nurse anticipate will most likely be prescribed for a client with Alzheimer's disease?

1) Levodopa (Larodopa)

2) Haloperidol (Haldol)

3) Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)

4) Donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept)

4) Donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept)

Which statement describes the purpose for the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors prescribed to treat Alzheimer's disease?

1) Reverse the structural damage within the brain

2) Increase synthesis of acetylcholine

3) Increase enzymatic breakdown leading to increased neuronal production

4) Intensify the effect of acetylcholine at the receptor

4) Intensify the effect of acetylcholine at the receptor (Pg. 270)