routine diets

Mild Sodium Restriction

some salt may be used in cooking, but no salty foods are permitted. No salt is used at the table.

high potassium diet

To prevent the depletion of body K reserves; Limits K intake to 1.0-1.8 g (25 to 46 mEq) per day. The average diet contains about 2 to 6 gm K (50 mEq)

600-1000

Normal Purine Diet = ___ to ___ mg

20gm protein

Contains limited amount of protein with atleast ½-2/3 from HBV sources. Sugar fats and fruits are used generously to meet caloric needs.

250-500

Phenylalanine Restricted Diet = ___ to ___ mg/day

vegetarian diet

One that includes some or all of the vegetables, fruits, enriched or whole breads & cereals, beans, nuts and milk

1/2 - 2/3

20 gram protein diet = to from High Biological Value sources

high protein diet

To provide for the nutritional rehabilitation of the protein and kilocalorie malnourished patient or to prevent weight loss and tissue wasting.

40

low carbohydrate diet = ≤__ of TER

calcium restricted diet

Used in combination with oxalate and fat restrictions to prevent renal stones.

lactose free

A diet that eliminates virtually all known sources of the disaccharide lactose milk and milk products

high carbohydrate diet

To allow for glycogen formation, ensure sufficient calories to spare protein, and minimize tissue catabolism.

10

the % of sweets in the total calorie of the px in high carbohydrates diet should not exceed to __% of calories.

2-6

Normal Potassium Diet = to grams

protein restricted diet

Contains food of high biologic value as milk, egg and meats supplying atleast ½-2/3 of the daily PRO allowance. Maintain adequate NS

lighten the work of kidney

fiber restricted diet

A diet that contains a minimum of fiber and connective tissue; decrease the weight and bulk of the stool and delay intestinal transit.

2

sucrose restricted = ≤_ of sucrose

13

high fiber diet = ≥ __ g crude fiber

25-46

Potassium Restricted Diet = to mEq

50

Normal Potassium Diet = ≥___ mEq

Severe Sodium Restriction

No salt used in cooking. Careful selections of foods in measured amounts. May use regular milk.

70-80%

high carbohydrate diet = to % of TER

fiber restricted diet

To prevent the formation of an obstructing bolus by high fiber foods in patients with narrowed intestinal or esophageal lumens

protein restricted diet

To achieve and maintain adequate NS; to lighten the work of the kidney by reducing the urea, uric acid, creatinine that must be excreted; to replace protein that are lost to the body because of the impaired renal function; or to replace protein losses in dialysis.

20

high protein diet = __% of TER

residue restricted diet

Limits the use of fruits and vegetables high in fiber, beans, milk, and dairy products, raw and soft cooked egg, butter, lard and lactose

lacto vegetarian diet

One that includes dairy products plus some of all of the ff. foods: vegetables, fruits, enriched or whole grain breads & cereals, dry beans, nuts. Diet excludes meat, poultry, fish and eggs.

500

Normal Calcium Diet = ___ mg/day

acid ash

To bring about a reduction in the pH urine (normal range is 4.5-7.5)

(sulfur, phosphorus. chloride)

meat, fish, egss

alkaline ash

to bring an increase in the pH of urine

(Na, K, Mg, Ca)

fruits, vegetables, and milk

regular diet

To supply appropriate amount of calories, proteins and other nutrients.

purine restricted diet

To lower serum uric acid levels in the management or gout.

purine restricted diet

A diet in which uric acid and its precursors, specifically, sources of purine such as glandular meats, dried legumes, lentils, and meat extracts, are eliminated. Purine content of the diet is about 120-150 mg (regular diet contains as much as 600-1000 mg/day); relatively high in CHO and fluids and low in fat.

clear liquid diet

• Highly restrictive and of little nutritive value;

• it provides some electrolytes, mainly in the form of CHO; leave no residue in the GIT;

• limited for use in 24-28 hours, the amount of fluid in a given feeding is usually restricted to 30- 60 m/L hour at first, may allow the use of tea, broth

kilocalories restricted diet

A diet limited in kilocalories to a prescribed level significantly below normal requirements.

galactose free

Control of Galactose semia and the prevention of severe mental retardation, cataracts and other symptoms.

extreme sodium restriction

No salt used in cooking. Careful selection of foods low in sodium, low sodium milk recommended.

high protein diet

Should provide 1.65- 2.2 g/ kg body weight for adults; 2.0 -2.5 g/kg body weight for adolescents; 3-4 g/kg body weight for children or 50-100% above the normal allowance; allows 20% of TER from protein.

low cholesterol diet

To lower elevated levels of serum cholesterol to reduce the risk of heart disease.

ketogenic diet

To induce and maintain a state of ketosis in the body in order to achieve an anticonvulsant effect.

200-400

Calcium Restricted Diet = ___ to ___ mg/day

22-30

Severe Sodium Restriction Diet = to _ mEq

modified fatty acid

To maintain P/S ratio of 1:1 to 2:1

moderate sodium restriction

No salt used in cooking. Careful selection of foods low in Na but may include measured amounts of salts, or salted bread & butter.

full liquid diet

To provide an oral nourishment that is well tolerated by patients who are acutely ill or who are unable to swallow or chew solid foods.

high calorie diet

To provide a diet with an energy value above that required for maintenance in order to produce a gain in weight , to meet increase caloric requirements, or to prevent or minimize catabolism of the body

1000-1500

Moderate Sodium Restriction Diet = ___ to ___ mg

zen microbiotic diet

A dietary regimen composed of ten basic diets raging from the lowest level, diet 3, which includes 10% cereals, 30% animal products; 15% salads and fruits, 5% desserts to diet 7. Highest level of the regimen is 100% cereal. Vit. B₁₂ supplement is recommended.

9-13

Extreme Sodium Restriction Diet = to _ mEq

clear liquid diet

To provide an oral source of fluids and small amounts of kilocalories and electrolytes for:

a. Preventing, dehydration b. relief of thirst; c. reducing caloric residue to a minimum.

modified fatty acid diet

Fat content is at normal level but foods with PUFA are emphasized; corn, oil, fish nuts (except cashew, peanut, & coconut).

40gm protein

More palatable than 20gm protein, more variety of foods can be included in planning, at least ½-2/3 should come from HBV sources

sucrose restricted

To ameliorate or prevent symptoms of primary or secondary sucrose- isomaltase deficiency.

43-65

Moderate Sodium Restriction Diet = to _ mEq

gluten restricted

Diet that is free of toxic glutens such as those in wheat, rye, oat, and barley protein, or other derivatives, e.g. malt from barley.

200-300

Extreme Sodium Restriction Diet = ___ to ___ mg

vegetarian diet

To replace part or the entire animal sources of protein with plant sources.

low carbohydrates diet

CHO compromises 40% or less TER (but should not be less than 100g / day); simple sugars are eliminated

high fiber diet

To increase the volume and the weight of the residue that reaches the distal colon; to increase gastrointestinal motility to decrease intraluminal colonic pressure in patients with increased pressure

lacto ovo vegetarian diet

One that includes eggs and dairy products.

gluten restricted

To eliminate toxic glutens in order to ameliorate symptoms of retarded growth, jejuna mucosal and immunological abnormalities, secondary steatorrhea, sterility and possibly osteomalacia in patients with cardiac disease.

ketogenic diet

A diet very low in carbohydrates where fat is the primary fuel. A ketogenic ratio of 4:1 or 3:1 is the targeted to induce ketosis.

low cholesterol diet

Dietary cholesterol is reduced to less than 300 mg/day.

87-130

Mild Sodium Restriction Diet = to _ mEq

strict vegetarian diet

It is designed for individuals who wish to exclude all animal products; an example is the Zen Macrobiotic Diet.

1.0-1.8

Potassium Restricted Diet = . to . grams

phenylalanine restricted

Permit normal growth and development and adequate nutritional status, to prevent mental retardation and allow the fullest development of intellectual potential.

cold liquid diet

All foods are served cold or iced

high carbohydrate diet

CHO compromises 70-80% of TER; emphasis is on foods high in available CHO such as sugars, syrups, jellies and jams, sweets should compromise no more than 10% of total calories; majority of CHO must come from complex sources

500-700

Severe Sodium Restriction Diet = ___ to ___ mg

regular diet

Include all foods normally eaten by a person in good health, requires good planning, there are no particular food restriction

6630

High Potassium Diet = ____ mg

low fat diet

Limits all types of fat ingested, regardless of source to less than 10-15% of TER or less than 30 gm/day.

170

High Potassium Diet = ≥___ mEq

2000-3000

Mild Sodium Restriction Diet = ___ to ___ mg

2-3

How many days should the zero-protein diet could only be implemented?

residue restricted diet

To provide a diet that leaves a minimum residue to the GIT for fecal formation

sodium restricted diet

To restore normal sodium balances to the body by effecting loss of excess Na & water from extra cellular fluid compartments.

high calorie diet

Increased amount and types of food which are energy dense.

low carbohydrate diet

To reduce available glucose when CHO metabolism is impaired

cold liquid diet

To minimize swelling, pain, and reduce bleeding in the operated areas

kilocalories restricted diet

To provide a diet to reduce body weight and fat and for weight loss and maintenance.

sodium restricted diet

Vary with degree of restriction, usual restriction ranging from 500 mg to 3-4 g daily (Filipino diet usually contains 2600-6000 mg or 7-15 g of NaCl/day). Foods containing large amounts of natural Na containing compound are either eliminated or restricted in amount.

high fiber diet

Approximately 13 or more grams crude fiber daily; emphasis on increasing intake of whole grain breads and cereals, fresh fruits and vegetables that are high in fiber content;

30-60

clear liquid diet = to mL of liquid per hour

500- 3-4

Sodium Restricted Diet = ___ mg to ___ g/day

sucrose restricted

Excludes all foods containing more than 2% sucrose daily, cakes, cookies and pasties are either eliminated or restricted; glucose, lactose or fructose are used as substitute sweetening agents