Pregnancy and Gastrointestinal System Interactions

Preeclampsia

Pregnancy-induced hypertension after 20 weeks gestation.

Eclampsia

Seizures occurring in patients with preeclampsia.

Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy.

Supine Hypotensive Syndrome

Low blood pressure from supine position after 4 months.

Postural Changes

Alterations in body alignment during pregnancy.

Left Side-Lying Position

Preferred position to reduce IVC compression.

Cardiac Output (CO)

Volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

Resting Heart Rate (HR)

Increases by 10-20 beats/min during pregnancy.

Blood Pressure (BP) Changes

Decreases in early pregnancy, increases later.

Pelvic Stabilization Exercises

Exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles during pregnancy.

Postural Education

Teaching correct posture to alleviate musculoskeletal stress.

Physical Therapy Plan of Care

Structured approach to address patient's physical therapy needs.

NPRS

Numeric Pain Rating Scale for assessing pain intensity.

Bilateral LE Edema

Swelling in both lower extremities during pregnancy.

Weight Gain in Pregnancy

20-30 lbs essential for fetal nourishment.

Anterior Pelvic Tilt

Forward tilting of the pelvis, common in pregnancy.

Kyphosis

Increased curvature of the thoracic spine.

Lumbar Lordosis

Increased curvature of the lumbar spine.

Postpartum Postural Stress

Continued postural issues after childbirth.

Pelvic Tilts

Exercises to improve pelvic alignment and stability.

Physical Therapy Examination

Assessment to determine patient's physical condition.

Practice Question 1.1

Identifies best initial intervention for pelvic floor.

Practice Question 1.2

Tests knowledge on physiological changes in pregnancy.

Practice Question 1.3

Assesses understanding of pregnancy complications.

Hemodynamically significant heart disease

Heart disease affecting blood circulation significantly.

Restrictive lung disease

Lung disease limiting airflow and breathing capacity.

Incompetent cervix

Cervix dilates prematurely before full term.

Vaginal bleeding

Bleeding during second or third trimester of pregnancy.

Placenta previa

Placenta covers cervix, risking detachment before delivery.

Preeclampsia

Pregnancy complication causing high blood pressure and swelling.

Rupture of membranes

Loss of amniotic fluid before labor starts.

Premature labor

Labor beginning before the 37th week of pregnancy.

Maternal type I diabetes

Insulin-dependent diabetes affecting pregnancy health.

Severe anemia

Significant deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.

Diastasis recti

Separation of abdominal muscles, often postpartum.

Head lift exercise

Lifting head while approximating rectus muscles.

Pelvic tilt exercise

Head lift combined with posterior pelvic tilt.

GERD

Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus.

Heartburn

Burning sensation after eating, worsens lying down.

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing food or liquids.

Sour taste

Regurgitation of acidic gastric contents.

Atypical pain

Pain in head and neck unrelated to typical sources.

Aspiration pneumonia

Lung infection from inhaling foreign material.

Esophagitis

Inflammation of the esophagus due to acid reflux.

Referred pain

Pain felt in one area due to another source.

Right shoulder pain

Often referred from liver or gallbladder issues.

Left shoulder pain

Often referred from heart or diaphragm issues.

Pancoast Tumor

Upper lung tumor causing shoulder pain in C8-T2 distribution.

Kehr's Sign

Referred left shoulder pain from intra-abdominal issues.

RUQ Pain Causes

Includes peptic ulcers and gallbladder pathology.

RLQ Pain Causes

Includes appendicitis and Crohn's disease.

LLQ Pain Causes

Includes diverticulitis and ulcerative colitis.

LUQ Pain Causes

Includes tail of pancreas and spleen issues.

Hiatal Hernia Symptoms

Causes shoulder pain similar to other conditions.

Femoral Hernia Symptoms

Causes lateral pelvic wall and groin pain.

Inguinal Hernia Symptoms

Causes groin pain.

Umbilical Hernia Symptoms

Causes pain around the umbilical ring.

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of gallbladder due to gallstone blockage.

Murphy's Sign

Pain during deep breath indicates gallbladder inflammation.

Gastric Ulcers

Ulcers in stomach from NSAIDs, stress, H. pylori.

Duodenal Ulcers

Ulcers in duodenum primarily caused by H. pylori.

Peptic Ulcer Pain

Burning, cramping pain, relieved by antacids.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Spastic colon causing pain relieved by defecation.

IBS Symptoms

Includes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and foul breath.

Appendicitis

Inflammation of appendix, can lead to peritonitis.

McBurney's Point

Tenderness location for diagnosing appendicitis.

Rovsing's Sign

Pain migration indicating appendicitis.

Blumberg's Sign

Rebound tenderness indicating peritoneal irritation.

Diverticulitis Symptoms

Left lower quadrant pain with possible complications.

Crohn's Disease Symptoms

Chronic inflammation causing abdominal pain and weight loss.

Ulcerative Colitis Symptoms

Bloody stools and abdominal pain, requires medical attention.

Pain After Fatty Food

Indicates potential gallbladder or cholecystitis issues.