Science exam

What are the units used to measure distance in motion?

meters, kilometers, feet

What are the units used to measure time in motion?

minutes, hours, seconds

What does a velocity of 55 mi/hr mean?

A distance of 55 miles is covered in 1 hour of movement.

What is a frame of reference in motion?

It's a stationary object in the background used to compare with a moving object.

What is the equation for acceleration?

A = (final velocity - initial velocity) / change in time

What is Newton's 1st Law of Motion?

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion, unless acted upon by an outside force.

Define force in terms of motion.

A force is any push or pull that changes the motion (or velocity) of an object.

What are balanced forces?

Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion.

What unit is used to measure force?

Newton (N), where 1 N = 1 kg x m/s^2.

What is the work equation?

Work = force x distance.

What is the speed of light?

3 x 10^8 m/s.

What is kinetic energy (KE)?

KE = 0.5 x mass x velocity^2.

What is potential energy (PE)?

PE = mass x height x gravity.

What happens to total energy in a roller coaster?

Total energy is conserved; PE is converted to KE as it descends.

What causes friction?

Contact between surfaces that opposes motion.

What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

Higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths and vice versa.

What is the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave?

Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of the wave, while longitudinal waves oscillate parallel.

What is a control group in an experiment?

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment, used for comparison.

What are constants in an experiment?

Variables that are kept the same throughout the experiment.

What is qualitative data?

Data based on observations and descriptions.

What is quantitative data?

Numerical data collected through measurements.

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy (GPE)?

GPE = mass x height x gravity.