animal and plant cells

Name given to the tiny, specialized

cell structures that perform specific

functions in cells

Organelles

The site in the cell where ribosomal

subunits are manufactured.

Nucleolus

Part of the cell that contains the

cell’s genetic material (DNA) and

controls the cell’s activities.

Nucleus

Organelles that are the sites of

protein synthesis

Ribosomes

Small spherical sacs that are

classified according to their

contents

Vesicles

The portion of the cell within the

cell membrane that includes fluid

and all of the organelles except the

nucleus.

Cytoplasm

Organelles that are filled with

strong digestive enzymes

Lysosomes

Small storage area within a cell that

may contain water, salts, proteins,

or carbohydrates.

Vacuole

The sites of cellular respiration in a

cell.

Mitochondria

Structure that regulates the

passage of materials into and out of

the cell.

Cell membrane

Which one of the following is not

found in both plant cells and animal

cells?

Cell wall

Which one of the following is never

found in an animal cell?

Chloroplasts

Porous double-membraned

structure that allows materials to

move into and out of the nucleus.

Nuclear membrane

The cell wall of plant cells is

composed of tough, stringy

carbohydrate fibers called _____.

Cellulose

The macromolecules that are

transported to the Golgi bodies for

modification are _____. (r-ER)

Proteins

These organelles are the most

numerous of the cell. May be found

free-floating or attached to the ER.

Ribosomes

Which one of the following is never

found in a plant cell?

Centrioles

Contains the coded instructions for

making proteins and other

important biological molecules.

DNA

A supporting structure found in the

cells of plants and fungi that is

located to the outside of the cell

membrane.

cell wall

Internal membrane system where

membrane lipids are made and

proteins are modified.

Endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles responsible for breaking

down large molecules and cleaning

up cellular debris.

Lysosomes

Threadlike structures in the nucleus

that contain the genetic

information that is passed from one

generation to the next.

Chromosomes

All of the following are found only

in plant cells, except for _____.

Cell membrane

Endoplasmic reticulum to which

ribosomes are attached is called

_____.

Rough ER

A network of protein tubes, rods,

and fibers that helps give shape and

organization to the cell.

Cytoskeleton

All of the following organelles are

surrounded by a double membrane

except for _____.

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic reticulum to which no

ribosomes are attached is called

_____.

Smooth ER

The process of obtaining energy

from the breakdown of glucose

molecules occurs in the _____.

Mitochondria

A very large fluid-filled sac found in

mature plant cells.

Central Vacoule

Proteins are made and modified by

this cytoplasmic organelle.

Rough ER

Vesicles leaving the Golgi apparatus

that contain enzymes may remain

inside the cell as _____.

Lysosomes

Solid, threadlike protein structures

that help maintain cell shape, bear

mechanical stress, and aid in

movement.

Microfilaments

This process, created by storing

large amounts of water within a

plant cell, aids the cell wall in

structure and support.

Turgid pressure

These organelles use the sun to

store energy in molecules of

glucose.

Chloroplasts

Small, tubular, protein fibers that

form cilia and flagella and help

separate chromosomes during cell

division.

Microtubules

These structures produce (and

break down) hydrogen peroxide as

they break down alcohols and

destroy bacteria.

Peroxisomes

These internal membranes increase

the surface area for cellular

respiration.

Cristae

A stack of membranes that

modifies, sorts, and packages

proteins arriving from the ER.

Golgi apparatus

How are proteins transported to

the Golgi for modification?

Vesicles

These organelles, found in pairs

near the nuclear membrane,

organize microtubules during cell

division.

Centrioles

Vesicles leaving the Golgi may fuse

with the _____ to release newly

formed proteins to the outside of

the cell.

Cell membrane

All of the following contain DNA

except for _____.

Golgi bodies

Structures in plant cells that

contain the green pigment

chlorophyll.

Chloroplasts

Structures in plant cells that

contain pigments of all colors

except green.

Chromoplasts

In which organelle does

photosynthesis occur?

Chloroplast

Where are the lipids that are

needed to build membranes

manufactured?

Smooth ER

Structures in plant cells that serve

as storage areas for starch.

Leukoplasts

Often found near the cell

membrane, this organelle consists

of a stack of flattened sacs.

Golgi apparatus

Membrane system found inside

chloroplasts.

Thylakoids

This organelle gives fruits and

flowers their color.

Chromoplasts