Computer Systems and Information Security

This set of flashcards contains key terms and definitions related to computer systems, information security, and business concepts.

Supercomputer

An expensive, fastest computer used by large organizations for demanding tasks with a lot of data.

Mainframe computer

A high-performance and reliable computer capable of performing trillions of operations and millions of transactions per day.

Microcomputer

The smallest and cheapest general computer, commonly referred to as a personal computer (PC).

Input devices

Devices that accept data and instructions for translation to the computer; examples include keyboards and scanners.

Output devices

Devices that accept data from a computer and translate it into human-readable form, such as monitors and printers.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The component that controls data and tasks performed by the computer components, consisting of the arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and cache memory.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Primary storage that temporarily holds software and small data for processing.

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Memory that safeguards critical instructions, retaining data even when the computer is powered off.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network that connects computers within a limited area, allowing resource sharing.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network that covers larger geographic areas, connecting multiple LANs.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Software hosted on a remote server managed for users.

Public Cloud

Cloud resources built and operated by a third party for public consumption over the internet.

Data mining

The process of discovering patterns in large data sets for analysis.

Malware

Software designed to cause damage to a computer.

Phishing

An act of trying to acquire sensitive information by pretending to be a trustworthy source.

Blockchain

A decentralized system that securely stores data across a computer network, ensuring immutability and transparency.

Crowdfunding

The practice of obtaining contributions from a large group of people to fund a project.

Business model canvas

A strategic management tool that outlines the economics of a business.