Review Lesson 5 Bio 2 Quarter 3

Respiratory System

body temperature

Respiratory System warms air to match your ?

humidity

Respiratory System moisturizes air to the ? of your body needs

body temperature

Respiratory System warms air to match your ?

humidity

Respiratory System moisturizes air to the ? of your body needs

blood and cells

Internal Respiration: Exchange of gases between ?

blood and air

External Respiration: Exchange of gases between ?

lobes

The lungs divide into individual ?

300 million alveoli

the individual lobes in the lungs subdivide into ?

Alveoli

primary location for gas exchange

smell

Nose is a sense organ of ?

Nose

serves as passageway for incoming and outgoing air filtering, warming, and moistening it

ciliated mucosa

Nose is lined with ?

palatine bones and maxillae

the floor of the nose is formed by the ?

Nose

it is the internal part of the skull above the roof of the oral cavity

Nose

external part protruding from the face

anterior nares

the nose opens to the exterior through the ?

posterior nares

after going to the anterior nares, where will the air go

nasopharynx

after going to the posterior nares, where will the air go

nose

nasopharynx is behind the ?

Nasopharynx

it has four openings

two auditory or eustachian and two posterior nares

what are the openings of nasopharynx

one

oropharynx has how many openings

Oropharynx

it is behind the mouth

Oropharynx

this is filtering from the oral cavity

pharynx

Laryngopharynx is behind the ?

Laryngopharynx

it has two openings

larynx and esophagus

the openings of the Laryngopharynx is located in ?

Laryngopharynx

serves as passageway into respiratory and digestive tracts

nasopharynx

tonsils can be found in ?

Tonsils

this destroys incoming bacteria and detoxify foreign protein

Larynx

box-like cartilaginous structure

pharynx

Larynx is located below ?

Adam’s apple

Thyroid cartilage is also known as ?

lid cartilage

Epiglottis is also known as ?

signet ring

Cricoid cartilage is also known as ?

pyramid shaped

Arytenoid cartilage is also known as ?

vocal cords

What does the thyroid cartilage protect that is also behind it?

Epiglottis

a flap in the throat that keeps food from entering the windpipe and the lungs

Cricoid cartilage

functions as an attachment site for muscles, cartilage, and ligaments involved in opening and closing the airway and in producing speech

Arytenoid cartilage

attachment to vocal cords that allows and aid the vocal cords’ movement

Vocal Cords

The slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the glottis that allows air to pass in and out of the lower respiratory passages.

mucus lining

False vocal cord has folds of ?

vestibular folds

False vocal cord is also called as ?

True vocal cord

fibro elastic bands stretched across the interior of the larynx

Trachea

Cartilaginous tube

10-11

trachea is ? cm in length

ciliated mucosa

trachea is lined with ?

larynx to bronchi

trachea extends from ?

trachea

for passageway of air, to and from the lungs

Lungs

cone shape organs

visceral pleura

Lungs is covered by ?

Lungs

completely fill the pleural spaces extending from slightly above the clavicle to the diaphragm

Diaphragm

this is where the base of the lungs rest

Bronchi

right and left formed by branching of trachea

Bronchioles

smaller branches of bronchi

Alveolar ducts

microscopic branches of bronchioles

Alveoli

microscopic sacs at the ends of the alveolar ducts provided with a network of lung capillaries

Alveoli

serve for the exchange of gases between blood and air

Spirometer

the amount of air exchanged in breathing is measured by ?

500

Tidal air is ? ml

Tidal Air

the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle

Tidal Air

average amount expired after a normal respiration

Expiratory reserved volume

the amount of air that you can exhale when you push out all the air possible after your normal breath

Expiratory reserved volume

largest additional volume of air that can be forcefully expired after a normal inspiration and expiration

1000-1200

Expiratory reserved volume is ? ml

Inspiratory reserved volume

largest addition of volume of air than can be forcibly inspired after a normal respiration

3000-3300

Inspiratory reserved volume is ? ml

Residual Air

the amount of air that remains in a person’s lungs after fully exhaling

Residual Air

cannot be forcibly expired from the lungs

1200

Residual Air is ? ml

Minimal Air

the volume of gas that remains in the lungs and cannot be expelled after they have been removed from the body, or after the chest has been opened

Vital Capacity

approximate capacity of lungs as measured by amount of air that can be forcibly expired after forcible inspiration

thoracic cavity

Vital Capacity varies with the size of ?

Eupnea/Eupnoea

normal quite breathing

Apnea

temporary cessation of breathing

Dyspnea

difficult breathing

Orthopnea

inability to breath easily in horizontal position

Tachypnea

excessively rapid and shallow breathing

Bradypnea

abnormal slow breathing

Respiratory system

responsible for gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out), helping maintain homeostasis.

Respiratory system

It works closely with the circulatory system to deliver oxygen to tissues and remove waste gases.

Nose

Filters, warms, and moistens air.

Pharynx

Passageway for air and food.

Larynx

Prevents food from entering the airway (via the epiglottis) and produces sound.

Trachea

Tube leading to lungs; has cartilage rings to keep it open.

Bronchi

Branches from the trachea into each lung.

Bronchioles

Smaller airways inside lungs.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

Pharynx

Directs air toward the trachea

Bronchi

Directs air into each lung

capillaries

Oxygen (O₂) moves from alveoli to ?

alveoli

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) moves from capillaries to ? to be exhaled.

diffusion

Gas exchange happens by

Tidal Air

Air inhaled/exhaled during normal breathing

Inspiratory Reserved Volume

Extra air inhaled after normal inhalation.

Expiratory Reserved Volume

Extra air exhaled after normal exhalation.

Residual Air

Air left in lungs after full exhalation.

Vital Capacity

Maximum air exhaled after deep inhalation.