Ap unit 3 terms

Acculturation

The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups, each of which retains distinct culture features

Assimilation

The process by which a group’s cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant culture

Custom

The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group

Folk Culture

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups

Habit

A repetitive act performed by a particular individual

Popular Culture

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous, society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics

Taboo

A restriction on a behavior imposed by social custom

Terroir

The contribution of a location’s distinctive physical features to the way food tastes

Creole Language

A language that results from the mixing of a colonizer’s language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated

Denglish

A combination of Deutsch (the German word for German) and English

Dialect

A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

Ebonics

A dialect spoken by some African-Americans

Extinct Language

A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used

Franglais

A combination of françois and anglais (The French words for French and English, respectively)

Institutional Language

A language used in education, work, mass media, and government

Isogloss

A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate

Isolated Language

A language that is unrelated to any languages and therefore not attached to any language family

Language

A system of communication through use of speech , a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning

Language Branch

A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that can be confirmed through archaeological evidence

Language Family

A group of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history

Language Group

A collection of languages within a branch of that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary

Lingua Franca

language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages

Literary Tradition

A language that is written as well as spoken

Logogram

A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound

Official Language

The language adopted for use by a government for the conduct of business and publication of documents

Pidgin Language

A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca; used for communication among speakers of two different languages

Received Pronunciation

The dialect of English speakers associated with upper-class Britons living in London and now considered standard in the United Kingdom

Spanglish

A combination of Spanish and English spoken by Hispanic-Americans

Standard Language

The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications

Subdialect

A subdivision of a dialect

Vigorous Language

A language that is spoken in daily se but lacks a literary tradition

Vulgar Latin

A form of Latin used in daily conversation by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents