chemistry module 2 electrons bonding and structure
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25 Terms
what is electron configuration
arrangement of electrons in an atom
how are electrons arranged
around the nucleus in principal energy levels/shells
what are principal quantum numbers
(n) used to number the energy levels
how many electrons does the first shell hold
2
how many electrons does the second shell hold
8
how many electrons does the third shell hold
18
how many electrons does the fourth shell hold
32
what are subshells
principal quantum shells are split into subshells : spdf
what are orbitals
most likely location of an electron around an atom
how many orbitals and shells does the s subshell contain
one orbital and 2 electrons
how many orbitals and electrons does the p subshell hold
3 orbitals, 6 electrons
how many orbitals and electrons does the d subshell hold
5 orbitals and 10 electrons
how many orbitals and electrons does the f subshell hold
7 orbitals and 14 electrons
what shape are s orbitals
spherical
what shape are p orbitals
dumbbell shape
what is spin pair repulsion
when electrons with the same spin repel each other
what is the electronic configuration of cr
(ar) 3d^5 4s^1
what is the electronic configuration of cu
(ar) 3d^10 4s^1
how are ionic compounds formed
electrostatic attractions are formed between oppositely charged ions to form ionic compounds
why are there high melting points in ionic compounds
ionic bonds are strong and requires a lot of energy to overcome
what are crystalline lattices
ions/atoms arranged in a regular/repeating arrangement
what is solubility dependent on
breaking down the ionic lattice
the polar molecules attracting and surrounding the ions
what is the relationship between bond energy and covalent bonds
the larger the bond enthalpy, the stronger the covalent bond
what is average bond enthalpy
average amount of energy needed to break a specific type of bond, measured over a wide variety of different molecules
what is dative covalent bonding
when both electrons come from the same atom