milton final 24-25

What was the 1811 Louisiana Slave Revolt also known as?

German Coast Revolt and Andry’s Uprising.

Who was a prominent figure in the 1811 Louisiana Slave Revolt?

Charles Deslondes.

What was the estimated death toll of the Louisiana slave revolt?

Approximately 100 deaths.

What did Gabriel Prosser attempt to lead?

A slave revolt in Virginia.

Why did Gabriel Prosser's conspiracy fail?

He was informed upon (snitched).

What was a significant outcome of Gabriel's Conspiracy?

Antislavery groups were diminished in the upper South.

Who was Denmark Vesey?

A freeman, literate, and minister who planned a slave revolt.

What happened to Denmark Vesey's plan?

It failed because he was informed about it.

What major laws were enacted following the failed Denmark Vesey rebellion?

A ban on educating slaves and the burning of the AME Church.

What contributed to the polarization during the Antebellum Period?

The rise of abolition and growing tensions between abolitionists and supporters of slavery.

What economic shift occurred in the North during the Antebellum Period?

A shift towards manufacturing.

What was the concept of Manifest Destiny?

The belief that Americans were morally obligated to expand their institutions.

What did the early industrialization in New England begin with?

The textile industry, revolutionized by Samuel Slater.

What was the Second Great Awakening?

A religious revival affecting the entire country from 1790 to the 1840s.

Who established the first abolitionist group in the 1790s?

The Quakers.

What is the American Colonization Society known for?

Establishing Liberia as a colony to return freed slaves.

Who was Paul Cuffe?

An advocate for the return of Africans/slaves to Africa.

What was the outcome of the Freedmen's Bureau?

To assist former slaves in transitioning to freedom with food, education, and medical care.

What was sharecropping?

A labor system developed after the Civil War where freedmen stayed on properties and received a share of the crop.

What did the Black church provide for freedmen?

Community, safety, education, and meeting space.

What did the Black Codes do?

Imposed restrictions on the rights and freedoms of freedmen.

What were Radical Republicans determined to do?

To punish the South and support Black voting rights.

What laws were passed to combat violence in the South during Reconstruction?

The Enforcement Acts.

What did the Dred Scott Decision state?

That slaves were not citizens and could not sue in court.

What is the significance of Lincoln’s Election in 1860?

It led to the secession of several Southern states.

What was the intent of John Brown's raid?

To end slavery through armed conflict.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation achieve?

It declared the freedom of all enslaved people in Confederate states.

What was the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?

The most famous Black unit during the Civil War.

What triggered the New York City Draft Riots?

Racial and class antagonisms due to the draft.

What were Jim Crow laws?

Laws that enforced racial segregation in the South.

How did the Great Migration influence the Harlem Renaissance?

It encouraged the movement of African Americans for civil rights and cultural pride.

What was the purpose of the NAACP?

To fight racism against colored people in the U.S.

What was the significance of the March on Washington in 1963?

To advocate for civil rights and jobs, and where Dr. King delivered his 'I Have A Dream' speech.

What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

It outlawed discrimination in voting and banned literacy tests and poll taxes.

Who was Thurgood Marshall?

An attorney for Linda Brown and later the first Black Supreme Court Justice.

What was 'The Doll Test'?

A psychological test used to show children's racial bias during the Brown v. Board of Education case.

Who were the Little Rock Nine?

A group of nine African American students who integrated Little Rock Central High School.

What role did the SCLC play in Birmingham?

It was involved in Project C to confront segregation and discrimination.

What was the Southern Manifesto?

A document issued by Southern politicians to oppose desegregation.

What tragic event occurred shortly after the March on Washington?

The bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, killing four girls.

What did Fannie Lou Hamer advocate for?

Voting rights for African Americans.

What was the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party?

A party formed to represent African Americans in the Democratic nomination process.

What prompted the shift towards more confrontational tactics in the Civil Rights Movement?

The violent response to the 1964 Freedom Summer.

What was the outcome of the Selma to Montgomery march?

It led to the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

In what year did the Voting Rights Act get passed?

1965.

What event highlighted the difficulties of voter registration in the South?

The shooting of Jimmie Lee Jackson.

What prompted Dr. King's decision to march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge?

The need to draw attention to the struggle for voting rights.

What was the initial reaction to the Voting Rights Act?

It was celebrated as a major victory for civil rights, outlawing discrimination in voting.

What was the historical significance of the Emancipation Proclamation?

It marked a turning point in the Civil War, aligning the war effort with the cause of freedom.

What was one impact of the Panic of 1873?

An economic downturn that shifted focus away from Reconstruction.

What characterized the Radical Reconstruction era?

A period of significant political changes and advancements in rights for freedmen.

What was one major goal of the Reconstruction era?

To restore the Union and integrate freed slaves into society.

Who was responsible for creating the Freedmen’s Bureau?

The Federal Government.

What were Black Codes?

Laws that restricted the freedom of African Americans post-Civil War.

Who was Nathan Bedford Forrest?

The first grand wizard of the Ku Klux Klan.

What action did white southerners take to circumvent the 15th Amendment?

Implementing literacy tests and poll taxes.

What was the main effect of the Compromise of 1877?

The withdrawal of federal troops from the South, ending Reconstruction.

How did the Southern states regain control after Reconstruction?

Through violence and intimidation towards African Americans.

What did the 13th Amendment achieve?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

What was the response of Southern politicians to the Brown v. Board ruling?

They formed white citizen councils to resist desegregation.

What was the significance of the term 'Redemption' in post-Civil War America?

It referred to the restoration of white supremacy in the South after Reconstruction.

What was the Southern strategy of violence aimed at in the late 19th century?

To maintain white supremacy and control over Black populations.

What were the Jim Crow laws meant to enforce?

Racial segregation in public facilities.

Who was Frederick Douglass?

An escaped slave who became a prominent abolitionist leader.

What was one tactic used by civil rights activists in the 1960s?

Nonviolent protests and sit-ins.

What social movement began in the early 20th century to combat racism?

The Civil Rights Movement.

What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education?

It declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

What was a significant technique used in Civil Rights protests?

Nonviolent direct action.

What were the goals of the Freedom Riders?

To desegregate interstate bus travel.

What was the impact of the Great Migration on Northern cities?

Significant demographic and cultural shifts, particularly in urban areas.

How did African American music influence American culture during the Harlem Renaissance?

It helped to establish a new cultural identity and uplift racial pride.

How did Jim Crow laws impact Black Americans' rights?

They institutionalized racial discrimination and disenfranchisement.

What did the Thirteenth Amendment accomplish?

It abolished slavery and involuntary servitude.

What was the economic strategy employed during President Grant's administration to help contain racism?

Support for civil rights and the education of freedmen.

What did the term 'sundown town' refer to?

A town that enforced racial exclusion for Black people after dark.

Describe one lasting impact of the Reconstruction period.

Set the stage for the civil rights movements of the 20th century.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 address?

It outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

What key event led to changes in civil rights laws during the 1960s?

The widespread growth of African American activism and protests.

Who was Rosa Parks?

Her refusal to give up her bus seat initiated the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

What did the Freedom Schools aim to do?

Educate African Americans about civil rights and their history.

What outcome did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 result in?

Increased voter registration and participation among African Americans.

What were two major goals of the Harlem Renaissance?

To celebrate Black culture and advocate for social change.

What were examples of intimidation tactics used against Black voters?

Violence, economic threats, and legal barriers.

What was the significance of the 1965 Voting Rights Act?

It prohibited racial discrimination in voting.

Why was the Black Church central to the African American community during Reconstruction?

It served as a center for social, spiritual, and political life.

What were the Sit-In Movements?

Nonviolent protests against racial segregation at lunch counters.

How did racism manifest in everyday life during the Jim Crow era?

Through segregation laws and discriminatory practices in all aspects of life.

What was the role of SNCC during the civil rights movement?

It mobilized young activists to engage in civil rights protests.

What historical event followed the signing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

The Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What impact did the Supreme Court have on civil rights legislation?

It ruled against segregation and discrimination, shaping laws in favor of equality.

What did the term 'Black Power' signify during the civil rights movement?

Advocacy for racial pride, economic empowerment, and political self-determination.

How did Black leaders challenge the status quo in the 1960s?

By promoting civil rights and advocating for systemic change.

What did the term 'Black Panther' refer to?

A political organization that sought to combat systemic racism and provide social services.

What was one outcome of the Selma to Montgomery march?

The passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What event did Lyndon Johnson promote to commemorate Civil Rights progress?

The Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What challenges did the Freedom Riders face?

Violent reactions and arrests while trying to desegregate buses.

How did the SCLC contribute to the civil rights movement?

By organizing and leading nonviolent protests and initiatives.

What was the significance of the Birmingham campaign?

It drew national attention to the civil rights movement and violence against African Americans.

In what year was the Voting Rights Act signed into law?

1965.

What characterized the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s?

A push for racial equality through non-violent protests and legal challenges.