gram positive bacteria’s , gram negative organisms

Bacillus cereus

GPB, catalase pos, beta haemolytic, anaerobic, motile, spores

pink

Positive indole result using Kovac's reagent

blue

Positive indole result using DMACA reagent

Bacillus anthracis

GPB, large rods with spores, catalase pos, lysis with gamma phage, medium large feathered colonies, non motile, non haemolytic anaerobic

Clostridium perfringens

GPB, catalase neg, AnO2 @ 48hrs, double zone haemolysis, obligate anaerobe = sensitive to MTZ, brick shaped, causes gas gangrene

Clostridium tetani

GPB (easily discolourised , alpha or beat haemolytic, obligate anaerobe = sensitive to MTZ, cat neg, swarming, tennis racquet effect

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

GPB, curved rods, cat neg, non motile, H2S pos

Corynebacterium diptheriae

small GPB- pleomorphic, cat pos

Listeria monocytogenes

cat pos GPB (small and pleomorphic), tumbling motility pos, Hippurate pos, palisading appearance

Dermatophilus congolensis

GPB, branching, non-acid fast, cat pos, beta haemolytic, motile

Streptococcus/ enterococcus sp.

GPC, catalase neg

Streptococcus sp.

GPC, catalase neg, arranged in chains, non-motile

Staphylococcus sp.

GPC, catalase pos, arranged in clusters

Streptococcus agalactiae

cat neg GPC, beta haemolytic, group B antigen pos, non motile, Hippurate pos

Streptococcus bovis / equinus complex

GPC, catalase neg, MAC +, group D antigen pos, PYR neg and not 6.5% salt tolerant

Streptococcus pyogenes

GPC, catalase neg, commonly causes tonsillitis, beta haemolytic, group A antigen pos, Bacitracin sens

Enterococcus faecalis

cat neg GPC, lactose pos, PYR pos, Group D pos, mannitol pos, arabinose neg, salt tolerant, common cause of UTI, vancomycin resistant

Streptococcus pneumoniae

catalase neg GPC, alpha haemolytic, bile soluble, optochin sensitive, diplococcus

Staphylococcus aureus

cat pos GPC, coagulase pos

Staphylococcus epidermidis

cat pos GPC, coagulase neg, Novobiocin susceptible (only test urine isolates!), arranged in clusters

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

GPC, catalase pos, found in urine, creamy white colonies, coagulase neg, NV resistant (only test urine isolates), non motile, arranged in clusters

Micrococcus luteus

cat pos GPC (larger than Staph), coagulase neg, obligate aerobe, microdase pos

Acinetobacter baumannnii

GNB, oxidase neg, non-motile, oxidative, amy look like very small diplococci, assacharolytic, can produce purple pigment

Aeromonas hydrophila

GNB, motile, cat pos, oxidase neg, resistant to O10ug and 150ug disc, indole pos, DNAse pos, grows on CIN agar

Plesiomonas shigelloides

GNB, oxidase pos, indole pos, motile, lactose neg, resistant to O129 10ug and susceptible to 150 ug (distinguishes from Aeromonas sp.)

Burkholderia cepacia

GNB, oxidase pos, common in cystic fibrosis patients, spot indole neg, no growth on MAC

Burkholderia pseudomallei

GNB, motile, yellow/green pigment, growth on MAC, resistant to CN

Campylobacter sp.

GNB, oxidase pos, watery teardrop growth, helical/curved bacilli, microaerophilic

Citrobacer freundii

GNB, oxidase neg, motile, spot indole neg

Enterobacter aerogenes

GNB, oxidase neg, motile, lactose fermenter (medium pink), PYR pos

Escherichia coli

GNB, most commonly isolated in urine, catalase positive, oxidase neg, motile, spot indole pos, completely susceptible

Chromobacterium violaceum

GNB, cat pos, violet colonies, indole neg, nitrate pos, DNAse pos

Haemophilus influenzae

GNB, NG on BA/MAC, MH, requires X and V factor for growth

Haemophilus ducreyi

GNB, X factor only = grows on BA, beta haemolytic, school of fish arrangement in gram smear, slightly yellow colonies

Klebsiella pneumoniae

GNB, isolated from a urine, catalase pos, oxidase neg, spot indole neg, non-motile, mucoid colonies

Klebsiella oxytoca

GNB, catalase pos, oxidase neg, non-motile

Pasteurella multocida

GNB, oxidase pos, spot indole pos, NG on MAC, catalase pos

Proteus mirabilis

GNB, from urine sample, catalase pos, oxidase neg, swarming, indole neg, lactose neg, maltose neg

Proteus vulgaris

GNB, catalase pos, oxidase neg, swarming, indole pos, lactose neg, maltose neg

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

GNB, catalase pos, oxidase pos, lactose neg, green pigment, metallic sheen on BA, grape odour, very resistant on sensitivity

Providencia rettgeri

GNB, catalase pos, oxidase neg, indole pos, PYR neg

Serratia marcescens

GNB, red pigment, catalase pos, oxidase neg

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

GNB, oxidase neg, motile, spot indole neg, resistant to antimicrobials

Salmonella sp.

GNB, enterbacterale, oxidase neg, lactose neg, confirm with serology (Paratyphi A is H2S neg)

Yersinia enterocolitica

GNB, most common GIT pathogen, enterbacterales, oxidase neg, fermentative, PYR pos, use CIN media to isolate, bull's eye colony - dark pink in middle, clear on outside

Shigella sp.

GNB, found in urine and GI, catalase pos, oxidase neg, lactose neg, non-motile

Vibrio alginolyticus

GNB, Beta-haemolytic, oxidase pos, spot indole pos, growth on TCBS- yellow, motile, resistant O129 10ug disk, found in sea water

Moraxella catarrhalis

GNC, hockey puck colonies, capnophilic, oxidase pos, catalase pos

Neisseria gonorrhoea

GNIDC, oxidase pos, catalase pos

Vibrio cholerae

GNB, O1 and O139 serotypes are toxgenic, susceptible O129 10ug disk

Vibrio vulnificus

GNB, found in oysters, susceptible O129 10ug disc, cause necrotising fasciitis in wounds

Neisseria meningitidis

GNC, maltose and glucose pos, growth on CHOC, see intracellularly in PMNs, oxidase pos, catalase pos

Enterobacter cloacae

GNB, lactose pos, catalase pos, oxidase neg, indole neg, quite resistant on sensitivity