Chapter 1

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Physics

Last updated 12:47 AM on 9/28/22
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34 Terms

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matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
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chemistry
The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
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substance
A single kind of matter that is pure, always has a specific composition, and has a specific set of properties.
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physical property
A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
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chemical property
A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
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element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
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atom
The basic particle from which all elements are made
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chemical bond
a force of attraction between two atoms
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molecules
Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
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compound
A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
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chemical formula
shows the elements in the compound and the ratio of atoms
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mixture
Made of two or more substances--elements, compounds, or both--that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
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heterogenous mixture
you can see the different parts
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homogeneous mixture
so evenly mixed that you can't see the different parts
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solution
a homogenous mixture that doesn't have to be liquid
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weight
A measure of the force of gravity on an object
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mass
A measure of the amount of matter in an object
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International System of Units
A system of units used by scientists to measure the properties of matter.
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volume
The amount of space that matter occupies
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density
the mass of a material in a given volume
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physcial change
any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not make any substance in the matter into a different substance
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chemical change
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances
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Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change
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energy
The ability to do work or cause change
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temperature
A measure of the average energy of random motion of the particles of a substance.
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thermal energy
the total energy of the energy of random motion of particles of matter
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endothermic change
a change in which energy is taken in
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exothermic change
a change in which energy is released
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kinetic energy
the energy an object has due to its motion
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potential energy
the energy an object has because of its position
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chemical energy
the internal energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
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electromagnetic energy
A form of energy that travels through space as waves
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electrical energy
the energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another
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electrodes
two metal strips that are placed in a solution but do not touch