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UNIT 12
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33 Terms
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1
Psychological Disorder
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
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2
Medical Model
The concept that diseases, including psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and typically cured.
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3
Epigenetics
The study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change.
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4
DSM-5
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, a system for classifying psychological disorders.
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5
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity.
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6
Anxiety Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
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7
Social Anxiety Disorder
Intense fear and avoidance of social situations, formerly known as ‘Social Phobia.’
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8
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
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9
Panic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread, accompanied by physical sensations.
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10
Agoraphobia
Fear of or avoidance of situations where one has felt loss of control and panic.
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11
Phobia
An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
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12
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (Obsessions) and/or actions (Compulsions).
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13
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, and heightened anxiety that lingers after a traumatic experience.
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14
Major Depressive Disorder
A disorder where a person experiences two or more weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest along with other symptoms.
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15
Bipolar Disorder
A disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania, formerly known as Manic-Depressive Disorder.
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16
Mania
A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state often associated with poor judgment.
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17
Rumination
Compulsive fretting or overthinking our problems and their causes.
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18
Schizophrenia
A disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or inappropriate emotional expression.
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19
Psychotic Disorders
A group of disorders marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality.
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20
Hallucination
False sensory experiences in the absence of an external stimulus.
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21
Delusion
A false belief that may accompany psychotic disorders.
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22
Chronic Schizophrenia
A form of schizophrenia where symptoms typically appear by early adulthood, with lengthening psychotic episodes.
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23
Acute Schizophrenia
A form of schizophrenia that often occurs in response to trauma and can begin at any age.
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24
Somatic Symptom Disorder
A psychological disorder in which symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause.
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25
Conversion Disorder
A disorder that involves very specific physical symptoms related to recognized medical or neurological conditions.
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26
Illness Anxiety Disorder
A disorder in which normal sensations are misinterpreted as symptoms of a disease.
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27
Dissociative Disorders
Rare disorders where conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
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28
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
A rare disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct personalities.
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29
Personality Disorders
Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
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30
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A personality disorder characterized by a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, often aggressive or manipulative.
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31
Anorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder involving a starvation diet despite significant underweight, often with excessive exercise.
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32
Bulimia Nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by inappropriate weight-loss behaviors.
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33
Binge-Eating Disorder
Significant episodes of binge-eating followed by distress, without compensatory behaviors typical of Bulimia Nervosa.
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