PEH - Midterms 2

Chapter 5 - Fuel for Performance

Nutrition

is the health branch that stresses the importance of the food for growth and development, as well as in lowering the chances of acquiring diseases and illness.

Macronutrients

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water.

Micronutrients

vitamins and minerals.

Protein

needed for growth, building, and repair of body tissues.

Carbohydrates

main source of energy; maintains blood glucose level during exercise.

Fats

needed for immune system to function and helps the body store and use vitamins.

Water

needed for waste removal, and regulates body temperature.

Vitamins

help the body use carbs, proteins, and fats

Vitamin A

maintains healthy skin, bones, teeth, and hair; aids vision.

Vitamin B

important in the production of energy from carbs and fats.

Vitamin B6

needed to break down glycogen to release glucose and make hemoglobin that carries oxygen in the blood.

Vitamin B12

aids in maintenance of red blood cells.

Vitamin E and C

aids in bone, teeth, and skin fomation and resistance to infection; helps protect the body from oxidative damage.

Folate

aids in the formation of red blood cells and protein.

Minerals

help in regulating the chemical reactions in the body.

Iron

helps in energy metabolism; important in transporting oxygen through the bloodstream; prevents anemia.

Calcium

helps build and maintain bones and teeth; nerve and muscle function and blood clotting.

Zinc

helps carry out body processes; plays a role in immune function, protein synthesis, and wound healing.

Weight control

is the process of achieving and maintaining the desired weight of an individual.

Fad diets

are diets that promise quick results with little effort easily earns and loses popuilarity shortly after consumers realize it as just a false advertisement.

Proper nutrition

plays a big role in performing casual to heavy physical activities.

Sports Anemia

a condition where temporary decrease in hemoglobin concentration occurs during exercise training.

Glucose

a simple form of sugar that the body converts into energy.

Glycogen

sugar stored in liver and muscle cells, which can be broken down to glucose for energy.

Carb loading “carbo loading”

is a strategy used by runners to maximize carbohydrate intake for muscle energy storage in preparation for a long run or race.

Rest and sleep

are very important in the repair and regeneration of tissues.