social psych 4a

Conformity

tendency for people to adopt behaviors and attitudes of other people in the group

Informational Social Influence

do something because you percieve someone as a source of accurate information (cults)

Normative Social Influence

do something because you want ot fit in (peer pressure, fashion trends)

Groupthink

partiticipation in a gorup to ultimately follow and result in unanimous decision

Deindividuation

losing own inhibition in a large group

Attribution Theories

analyzing how we interpret/understand other people's behaviour

Fundamental Attribution error

people underestimaate the importance of the situation (external) and overestimate the importance of the dispostion (internal)

self seriving bias

take more credit for good outcomes than bad ones

actor observer bias

tendency to attribute your own actions to external causes and while attributing other's actios to internal causes

Just world hypothesis

people often beliv ethat the world is fair and blame the victim over the situation

situational

external (someone cheated bc they didnt study)

Disposition

internal (someone cheated bc they're dishonest

Foot-in-the-door social influence techinque

getting person to agree to a small request before asking for a much bigger one (Hitler)

Door-in-the-Face social influence technique

suggesting a big request which will be refused before asking for a much smalled one

Central route of persuasion

focusing on factual information, logic, and analysis to persuade people

Peripheral route of persuation

focusing on emotional appeals to persuade people

social facilitation

tendency for others' presence to have a positive impact on easy tasks (performers do better with a large audience)

social loafing

tendency for people to put less effort when working in a group (group projects)

group polarization

a groups opinion becoems mroe extremee after discussing an issue (political views)

In-group bias

people judge pepole in their group more favorably and those outside less (Troy High to Athens)

out group homogeneity bias

social group with whom a person does not identify. 'them.' think everyone in the other group is the same (all americans are fat)

individualistic

prioritizes needs and goals of the individual

collectivistic

prioritizes needs and goals of the group

bystander effect

less likely to assist in emergency situations when there are others present ("someone else will do it")

Diffusion of responsibility

presence of others makes us less likely to react to a situation that needs our attention

Confirmation bias

the selective evidence that we chose to agree we because it matches our beliefs (venn diagram)

mere exposure effect

showing preference to things we are more familiar with

halo effect

if we respect and like a person who's good in one area, we belive they are good in every area (celebrities)

self fulfilling prophecy

persons personal belief lead to their fulfillment (prediction that causes itself to become true)

milgram's obedience study

saw how far someone would go if instructed by authority figure

altruism

helping without expecting reward

reciprocity norm

expectation that people will help/not hurt those that they have helped in the past or that they will reciprocate your behaviour towards them.

social responsibility norm

help those in need even if costs outweigh the benefits

superordinate goals

two conflicting groups need to work together to reach a goal

ethnocentrism

tendency to see other cultures, ethnicities, and races inferior to your own (racism)

locus of control

degree to which you think you have control of your life

internal locus of control

you have control - optimist

external locus of control

someone/thing else has control (parents/god) - pessimist

cognitive dissonance

when what you're doing does not match the way you think - contradictory feelings about something

three relief strategies to cognitive dissonance

1. change conflicting behavior to match attitude

2. change conflicting attitude to match behavior

3. form new cognitions to justify behavior

industrial organizational psych

workplace behavior