Human Body Systems: Integumentary to Reproductive Overview

Integumentary system

Forms the external body covering (skin)

Muscular system

Underpins ALL movements in the human body

Skeletal system

Consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints

Nervous system

Fast-acting control system

Homeostasis

Effort of the human body to maintain a balanced internal state

Endocrine system

Slow acting control system

Cardiovascular system

Includes heart and blood vessels

Lymphatic system

Includes lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and lymphoid organs

Respiratory system

Includes the nasal passages, pharynx (throat), larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

Digestive system

Includes the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and accessory organs

Urinary system

Includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Reproductive system (males)

Includes the testes, scrotum, penis, accessory glands, and duct system

Reproductive system (females)

Includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina

Ovaries

Produce eggs

Uterus

Provides site of development for fetus

Movement

Gross (observable) movements

Responsiveness

Ability to sense and react to changes in the environment

Digestion

Breakdown and absorption of nutrients

Metabolism

All of the chemical reactions occurring within the body

Anabolism

Build up larger molecules from smaller ones

Catabolism

Break down large molecules into smaller ones

Excretion

Elimination of wastes from metabolic reactions

Sensor (input)

Detects change in the environment

Integrating center (analysis)

Central Nervous System (brain or spinal cord) structure that analyzes incoming info and determines response

Effector (output)

Structure that carries out desired change