Classical Approach

Flashcards on Classical-Scientific Management Theories

Classical-Scientific Approach

A management approach focused on planning, organizing, and controlling, with a hierarchical organizational structure based on division of labor and autocratic leadership.

Scientific Management Definition

Analysis of a job in great detail to discover the best way to perform it.

Planning

The function of management concerned with deciding what a business is to achieve in the future and how it will be done.

Strategic Planning

Long-term planning of the overall business, aligned with the business vision.

Tactical Planning

Short-term planning (1-2 years) with flexible goals to achieve long-term business goals.

Operational Planning

Day-to-day running of the business, involving detailed operational plans.

Organizing

Designing the structure or framework of a business, allocating resources, and assigning people to tasks.

Controlling

Measuring actual business performance and comparing it with planned outcomes.

Division of Labor

Each task is divided into small steps in the production process and a worker is assigned to each step.

Hierarchical Organizational Structure

A structure with many levels of management and a strict chain of command.

Chain of Command

The path of authority from senior management to employees.

Span of Control

The number of subordinates who report directly to a specific manager.

Autocratic Leadership Style

Managers use a high degree of direction and permit little or no participation in decision-making by subordinates.

Autocratic Manager

Makes all decisions and informs employees, maintaining centralized control.