hematology final for real real (kenna)

which of the following refers to the variability of events that can occur to an unknown sample before analysis?

preanalytical

the development order for red blood cells is which of the following

pronormoblast, basophilic normoblast, polychromatiphilic normoblast, orthochromic normoblast, reticulocyte, erythorocyte

which of the following tests is used to monitor red cell production

reticulocyte count

following the rule of three, which of these Hgb values would you suspect with a RBC value of 4?

12

a technologist observing morphology on a differential slide noticed macrocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils. what type of anemia might these cells indicate

megaloblastic anemia

pancytopenia means which of the following

Low WBC, RBC, Plt count

hypersegmentation is defined as a segmented neutrophilic nucleus having

more than 5 lobes

the primary purpose of white blood cells are to

defend against bacteria, fungi, viruses and various foreign substances

the absolute differential count is

the total WBC x % of a cell type

neutrophilic series maturation from least mature to most mature

Myeloblast, Promyelocyte, Myelocyte, Metamyelocyte, Band Neutrophil, segmented Neutrophil

the primary functions of lymphocytes are recognizing what is foreign, forming antibodies and securing immunity

true

the term left shift means

the bone marrow has failed to respond to the increased white count

toxic granulation occurs most frequently in

neutrophils

auer rods are most likely present in which of the following

acute myelocytic leukemia

the first choice of treatment for polycythemia vera is?

therapeutic phlebotomy

which of the following laboratory tests are used to measure the extrinsic pathway

PT

which of the following laboratory tests are used to measure the intrinsic pathway

PTT

which of the following short term anticoagulant drugs, administered by intravenous infusion, is monitored by the PTT value

Heparin

a normal adult hemoglobin consists of how many heme molecules

four

the hormone responsible for red blood cell production is

erythropoietin (EPO)

the most essential pre-analytical step in ensuring the quality of laboratory results is

patient identification

production, development, and maturation of all blood cells is called

hematopoiesis

a patient with classic hemophilia A is deficient in

Factor VIII

what is the anticoagulant of choice for coagulation testing

sodium citrate

the most characteristic change seen in the peripheral smear of a patient with multiple myeloma is the prescence of

rouleaux

The JAK2 chromosomal maturation is associated with

polycythemia vera

according to current WHO classification criteria, acute leukemia is characterized by which of the following

hypercellular bone marrow with greater than 20% blasts

---

is predominantly a disease of children

ALL

an autosomal disorder than manifests itself with large lysosomal inclusions, recurring infections, and albinism is

Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

the best corrective action for a patient who exhibits platelet satellitium on peripheral blood smear is to

redraw the sample in sodium citrate

toxic vacuolization occurs most frequently in

neutrophils

patients with hemophilia A or B have abnormal results in which coagulation assay

PTT

which of the following is the most useful in differentiating hemophilia A from hemophilia B

factor assays

infectious mononucleosis is caused by the EBV virus, which infects b lymphocytes

true

all of the coagulation factors except a portion of factor VIII are produced in

liver

a patient with classic hemophilia A is deficient in

factor VIII

the blood to anticoagulation ratio for coagulation testing is

9:1

which of the following is a normal platelet count

221,000

the most common drug related platelet abnormality is due to

aspirin

the disorder in which a particular clotting factor is decreased is referred to as

hemophilia

the principal substrate of the coagulation and fibrinolytic system

fibrinogen

which of the following short term anticoagulant drugs, administered by intravenous infusion, is monitored by the PTT value

heparin

what is the expected PT result in a patient who is on coumadin (warfrin) and is stable?

~26 seconds

obstetrical complications like retained placenta or abruption placenta are a leading cause of

DIC

these two inhibitors that keep the activation of coagulation under control are

protein C & S

the first response of a cut vessel is

vasoconstriction

what is responsible for hemolytic uremic syndrome

e coli

thrombocytosis is defined as a platelet count that is

> 450,000

which of the following assays will be abnormal with hemophilia A

PTT

christmas disease is another name for

hemophilia B

d dimer analysis may have what kind of result in DIC?

increased

factor Xa inhibitors are monititored using which assay

Anti-factor Xa assay

common factor pathway

X, VIII, II, I

intrinsic factor pathway

XII, XI, IX, VIII

extrinsic factor pathway

VII, III

what can be used to seperate the initial diagnosis between acute and chronic leukemia

cell maturity

which statement best describes acute leukemia

a quick onset occuring at any age

acute myeloid leukemia

seen in myeloid and monocytic cells

patients with AML have

<20% blasts in the bone marrow

which type of anemia is usually present in a patient with acute leukemia

Normocytic, normochromic

all stages of neutrophils are most likely to be seen in the peripheral blood of a patient with

chronic granulocytic leukemia

a patient with normal HgB and WBC value, a persistently elevated PLT count, increased marrow megakaryocytes, and frequent bleeding and clotting episodes most likely has

chronic myelocytic leukemia

which of the following features distinguishes a monocyte from a lymphocyte

abundent grey-blue cytoplasm

an inherited disorder showing hyposegmentation in the nucleus of a segmented neutrophil

pelger huet anomaly

which disease results in an accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow

Multiple Myeloma

which of the following is a tick borne illness

human ehrlichiosis

“penia”

decreased

“osis” or “philia”

increased

in infectious mono, lymphocytes tend to be reactive and

enlarged with abundent royal blue cytoplasm

some patients will react with EDTA, causing their PLTs to form a ring around neutrophils, this is called

platelet satellitism

which organs are the primary site for lymphocytes?

bone marrow and spleen

the primary functions of lymphocytes are recgonizing what is foreign, forming antibodies and securing immunity

true

the primary function of t lymphocytes are to make antibodies to foreign antigens

false

an exaggerated response to infections and inflammation is

leukmoid reaction

in which of these circumstances do you usually see toxic granulation

severe infections

reed sternberg cells are present in

hodgkins lymphoma

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the prescence of coarse dark granules in neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes

alder reilly syndrome

smudge cells?

CLL

an abnormal protein that is an overproduction of IgM

known as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

lymphocytes in CLL are

increased in number and nonfunctional

what is the cytochemical stain used to diagnosis hair cell luekemia

Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain.

bence jones protein is found in the urine of patients with

multiple myeloma

preleukemia, dysmelopoietic syndrome, oligloblastic anemia, are all other names for what syndrome

myelodysplastic syndromes

what is the cutoff blast count used to distinguish a patient with MDS as opposed to a patient with acute leukemia

20%

how many classifications of myelodsplastic syndromes (MDS) are there according to the world health organization

four

the characterisitc morphologic feature in multiple myeloma is

rouleaux formation

toxic granulation and dohle bodies are seen in response to

infection

the WBC counts in CLL are

exteremly elevated

acute myeloid leukemia are

seen myeloid and monocytic cells

which of the following is typically not classified in MDS

multiple myeloma

intrinsic factor, secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach is necessary for

vitamin B12 absorption

alpha thalassemia results from

not enough functional hemoglobin A produced

beta thalassemia major results from

no HgB a being synthesized

aplastic anemia is characterized by which of the following

pancytopenia and reticulocytopenia

which test is used to confirm a sickle cell screening

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

what red cell inclusions may be seen in the peripheral blood smear of a patient postsplenectomy

Howell-Jolly bodies

hereditary pyropoikilocytosis is a red cell membrane defect characterized by

the presence of abnormal, fragmented red blood cells and thermal instability.

iron deficiecny anemia is characterized by

decrease serum iron, decreased serum ferritin, increased total iron binding compacity

the macrocytes typically seen in megaloblastic anemia are

oval shaped

which of the following organs is responsible for the pitting process for RBCs

spleen