Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Intestinal Flagellates

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1
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<p><em>Chilomastix mesnili</em> troph</p>

Chilomastix mesnili troph

  • 6-24 um

  • pear shaped

  • nucleus at anterior end with large eccentric karyosome

  • looks like orthochromic normoblast

<ul><li><p>6-24 um</p></li><li><p>pear shaped</p></li><li><p>nucleus at anterior end with large eccentric karyosome</p></li><li><p>looks like orthochromic normoblast</p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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<p><em>Chilomastix mesnili</em> cyst</p>

Chilomastix mesnili cyst

  • 6-10 um

  • lemon shaped

  • large eccentric nucleus

  • shepherd’s crook in cytoplasm

<ul><li><p>6-10 um</p></li><li><p>lemon shaped</p></li><li><p>large eccentric nucleus</p></li><li><p>shepherd’s crook in cytoplasm</p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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general life cycle of pathogenic intestinal flagellates

  • human ingests infective cyst

  • asexual reproduction in human

    • passed through stool (formed stool = cyst, liquid stool = troph)

4
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Giardia lamblia causes—

asymptomatic carrier state to acute, severe diarrhea with malabsorption, bloating, and nausea/vomiting

5
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incubation period and duration of infection of Giardia lamblia

incubation 5-6 days

duration of infection 1-3 weeks

6
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chronic Giardia lamblia infection causes—

recurrent diarrhea, bloating, malabsorption, debilitation

  • common in immunocompromised

7
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<p><em>Giardia lamblia</em> troph</p>

Giardia lamblia troph

  • 9-21 Ă— 5-15 um

  • pear shaped with face appearance

  • two nuclei

  • flagella may be visible

<ul><li><p>9-21 Ă— 5-15 um</p></li><li><p>pear shaped with face appearance</p></li><li><p>two nuclei</p></li><li><p>flagella may be visible</p></li></ul><p></p>
8
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<p><em>Giardia lamblia</em> cyst</p>

Giardia lamblia cyst

  • 8-12 um

  • oval in shape

  • 2-4 nuclei

  • cytoplasm pulled away from cell wall

  • RNA remnants or developing flagella can be seen within the cyst

<ul><li><p>8-12 um</p></li><li><p>oval in shape</p></li><li><p>2-4 nuclei</p></li><li><p>cytoplasm pulled away from cell wall</p></li><li><p>RNA remnants or developing flagella can be seen within the cyst</p></li></ul><p></p>
9
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<p><em>Dientamoeba fragilis </em>troph</p>

Dientamoeba fragilis troph

  • no cyst form

  • troph is 5-12 um

  • nucleus made of 4-8 clustered granules

  • transmitted via pinworm eggs or other pathogens

  • can be confused with E. nana

<ul><li><p>no cyst form</p></li><li><p>troph is 5-12 um </p></li><li><p>nucleus made of 4-8 clustered granules</p></li><li><p>transmitted via pinworm eggs or other pathogens</p></li><li><p>can be confused with <em>E. nana</em></p></li></ul><p></p>
10
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Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellate seen mainly in _________ specimen but can also be observed in ___________

urogenital, stool

11
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diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis is done by—

wet prep motile trophs with undulating membranes and jerky motion

  • STAT test because the organism dies within 30 minutes

  • EIA testing is also available

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which of the pathogenic intestinal flagellates have no cyst form?

Dientamoeba fragilis and Trichomonas vaginalis

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<p><em>Trichomonas vaginalis </em>troph</p>

Trichomonas vaginalis troph

  • 15-18 um

  • jerky motility

  • undulating membrane (fin-like)

<ul><li><p>15-18 um</p></li><li><p>jerky motility</p></li><li><p>undulating membrane (fin-like)</p></li></ul><p></p>
14
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nonpathogenic intestinal flagellate

Chilomastix mesnili