Unit 2 Section 4 History Test

Study guide for the "hell" of a class we call history.

Chester Nimitz

Commander in chief of U.S pacific fleet/commander of all allied units in pacific;air;land;and sea

Joseph Rochefort

U.S. naval officer and cryptanalyst credited with breaking Japanese naval codes.

Manhattan Project

A secret U.S. project during World War II aimed at developing atomic bombs.

Battle of Leyte Gulf

Japan launched operation Sho/Stop American landing in the Philippines/led to 5 different engagements

Nagasaki

Fatman dropped/the Japanese city that was the second target of the atomic bomb during World War II.

Leslie R. Groves

Military director of the Manhattan Project/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers officer

Battle of Coral Sea

A naval battle to stop Japanese forces from advancing towards Port Moresby in New Guinea. Stopped the Japanese offensive.

Little Boy

Uranium based bomb/code name for the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima.

Battle of the Philippine Sea

Nicknamed 'Great Marianas Turkey Shoot' U.S. 5th fleet shoots down almost 400 Japanese planes, and only loses 29.

Battle of Manila

First urban fighting in region/civilians beat, raped, massacred/ Iwabuchi defends city to last man/ allies secured manila

J. Robert Oppenheimer

The scientific director of the Manhattan Project. Referred to as “The father of the atomic bomb”

Battle of Tarawa

Took flace on a coral reef atol, so marines got stuck/alligators were used to get to the sialnd/rough battle won by allies

Battle of Tinian

First time napalm was used/Once secured turned into the busiest airfields of the war, goes on to hold the atomic bombs and b-29 super fortresses

Hideki Tojo

Prime Minister of Japan

Truk Atoll

A major naval base for the Japanese, allies hit very unexpectedly “Japanese equivalent to pearl harbor” Numerous warships destoyed

Los Alamos

The site of the Manhattan Project's main laboratory for atomic bomb development.

William 'Bull' Halsey

U.S. Navy admiral, led the attack on Guadalcanal, in charge of USS enterprise and Doolittle raid

Battle of Okinawa

Code name operation iceberg/ second only to operation overlord in size/raid was slow due to terrain and restiance/largest land battle of the war.

Hiroshima

Enola Gay dropped first atomic bomb in history “Little boy” city destoryed.destroyed

Ray Spruance

Admiral in the U.S. Navy replaces “Bull” Halsey during the battle of midway

Kamikaze

Japanese suicide pilots who conducted aerial attacks against Allied naval vessels.

Douglas MacArthur

FDR military advisor to the Philippines/ commander of the U.S amry forces in the far east

Leo Szilard

Physicist who conceived the idea of the atomic bomb and was a part of the Manhattan Project.

Mt. Suribachi

A prominent hill on Iwo Jima, famous for the iconic photograph of U.S. Marines raising the flag.

Claire Chennault

commander of The Flying Tigers/sent to China as a mercenary/rejoins U.S. Army/promoted to general and leader of chinas air Task Force/ made commander of U.S 14th Airforce in china

Frank 'Jack' Fletcher

Admiral in the US Navy who led crucial battles like the Coral Sea and Midway.

Doolittle's Raid

America's first bombing raid on mainland Japan, hitting the capital city of Tokyo.

Fat Man

Nickname of the plutonium bomb used to bomb Nagasaki.

Operation Downfall

Codename for the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of Japan near the end of World War II/ canceled after japans surrender

Battle of Saipan

due to already losing so many Japanese resort to one of the largest banzai charges in the pacific war /thousands of civilians committed suicide

Merrill's Marauders

U.S. special operations jungle warfare unit.

Battle of Guadalcanal

Codenamed Operation Watchtower, an Allied offensive against Japan in the Solomon Islands/ turned into Henderson field/the first piece of Japanese held land captured

Operation Vengeance

Yamamoto's plan to inspect Bougainville, discovered by the U.S. through broken code/Yamamoto tracked down and killed

Harry S. Truman

Served as president after FDR and had to make many last minute war decisions.

Battle of Midway

Japanese code broken and there fleet was found heading to midway, US intercepted them/fought completely in the air.

Battle of Iwo Jima

roacky terrain made attacking difficult/ US adavnce slowly but eventuate capture/27 medals of honor awarded, more than any other battle

Enola Gay

Name of the B-29 superfortress bombers that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima.

Emperor Hirohito

Emperor of Japan who was not punished after the war to maintain stability and control over the jappanse.

USS Missouri

Battleship involved in the invasion of Iwo Jima and the surrender ceremony of Japan.

Bockscar

B-29 bomber that dropped the Fat Man nuclear bomb on Nagasaki.

Bataan Death March

Forced march of prisoners to a train for a prison camp, marked by terrible conditions.

Seabees

U.S. Naval construction battalions that created the busiest airfield in Tinian.

Battle of Guam

The American recapture of the Japanese-held island of Guam during island hopping.

Enrico Fermi

American physicist who was part of the Manhattan Project.

Island Hopping

Military strategy of selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Only president to serve more than two terms and led the country during WWII.

Flying Tigers

American volunteer group hired by the Chinese air force for aviation tasks.

Marshall Islands

einwetok and kwajalein were taken so gainging those we gained controll of

Joseph Stilwell

leads American,Indian,and Chinese forces/advisor in china becomes main commander

Frank Merrill

Major General who led Merrill's Marauders into Burma/first American infintry men to fight in Asia during WWII