Increase - Decrease Labs

anemia

decrease in RBC

• Polycythemia vera

• Dehydration

• Vitamin B1 & B12 deficiencies

increase in hematocrit

• Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

• Overhydration

• Blood loss

decrease in hematocrit

• Blood loss

• IDA

decrease in hemoglobin

• Vit. B1 & B12 deficiencies

• Hemolytic anemia

increase in MCH

IDA

decrease in MCH

Hypochromia (IDA)

decrease in MCHC

• Inflammation

• Infection

• Tissue necrosis / infarction

• Malignancy

• Rheumatoid collagen disease

increase in ESR

Bacterial infection (leukocytosis)

increase in WBC

Bone marrow depression (leukopenia)

decrease in WBC

• Infections

• Tissue necrosis

• Inflammatory diseases

• Metabolic disorders

• Myelogenous leukemia

• Rickettsial diseases (neutrophilic leukocytosis)

increase in PMN (granulocytes) / neutrophils

Overwhelming infection of any type (neutropenia)

decrease in PMN (granulocytes) / neutrophils

• Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

• Chronic hypersensitivity states

• Systemic mast cell disease (Basophilia)

increase in basophils

• Acute allergic reactions

• Parasitic infections (Eosinophilia)

increase in eosinophils

Viral infection (lymphocytosis)

increase in lymphocytes

• Severe debilitating Illness

• Immunodeficiency

• AIDS (Lymphopenia)

decrease in lymphocytes

• TB

• Subacute bacterial endocarditis (monocytosis)

increase in monocytes

renal disease

increase in BUN

liver disease

decrease in BUN

renal failure

increase in creatinine

renal failure

decrease in creatinine clearance

Myocardial necrosis (CK-MB)

increase in creatinine kinase (CK)

• Biliary obstruction

• Paget’s disease

• Hyperparathyroidism

• Osteomalacia

increase in ALP

liver disease

increase in ALT

• Myocardial infarction

• Liver disease

increase in AST

HPN

increase in sodium

• Renal dysfunction

• Acidosis

• Dehydration

• Cellular breakdown (tissue damage, hemolysis, burns, infections) with adm. of spironolactone

increase in potassium

• Diuretic use

• Alkalosis

• Vomiting

• Severe diarrhea with the adm. of steroids, Amphotericin, Li carbonate

decrease in potassium

• Acute renal failure

• Renal tubular acidosis

• 1° hyperparathyroidism

• Dehydration

increase in chloride

• Chronic renal failure

• Adrenal insufficiency

• Fasting

• Prolonged diarrhea

• Severe vomiting

• Diuretic use (thiazide & loop)

decrease in chloride

• Hyperparathyroidism

• Paget’s disease

• Diuretic use (thiazides)

increase in calcium

• Parathyroid hormone (PTH) / Vit. D deficiency

• Diuretic use (loop

decrease in calcium

• Hepatitis

• Addison’s disease

increase in magnesium

• Malabsorption

• Severe diarrhea

• Alcoholism

• Pancreatitis

• Hyperaldosteronism

• Diuretic use

decrease in magnesium

• Renal dysfunction

• Hypoparathyroidism

• Hyperthyroidism

• Increased vit. D intake

increase in phosphate

• Malnutrition

• Hyperparathyroidism

• Insufficient vit.D intake

decrease in phosphate

Prostate carcinoma

increase in acid phosphatase

• Hepatocellular & hepatobiliary disease

• Alcoholic liver disease

increase in GGT

Liver disease

decrease in protein

• Diabetes

• Adrenal corticosteroid use

increase in glucose (fasting)

Atherosclerosis (LDL)

increase in cholesterol

Atherosclerosis (HDL)

decrease in cholesterol

• Hemolysis

• Biliary obstruction

• Liver cell necrosis

increase in bilirubin

• Gout

• Rapid cellular destruction (chemotherapy or malignancies)

increase in uric acid

• Wilson’s disease

• Malabsorption syndrome

decrease in uric acid