Cell Division and Genetics

Cell Division

capable of reproduction and growth

Cell cycle

Dividing cells pass through a sequence of cell growth and division

Mitosis

a cell produces two genetically identical daughter cells

Meiosis

produces gametes with half the chromosome number (haploid)

Heredity (aslo called inheritance)

the passing on of traits from parents to offspring

Gene

DNA segment incodes information to create a protein

Genetics

The study of heredity

DNA

a molecule that carries genetic information

Where is DNA stored?

Nucleus

Chromosome

Threadlike structures of nucleic acids and proteins

Alleles

Different molecular forms of genes

Punnet Square

a diagram can be used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes

Monohybrid Cross

the probability of inheritance and expression of a gene/trait

Dihybrid Cross

the probability of inheritance and expression of two genes/traits

Homozygous

same alleles from both parents

Heterozygous

different alleles from both parents

Incomplete dominance

Heterozygous form is a blend of homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive phenotypes

Co-dominance

Both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous form