Ectoparasites

What is Ctenocephalides Felis?

A common flea that infests small and large animals

What is this ectoparasite?

Ctenocephalides felis (flea of large and small animal)

What is a lair parasite?

A parasite that spends most of their life off the host and cluster in bedding, nests, etc.

What is an example of a lair parasite?

Fleas

What are common signs of damage from fleas?

Hypersensitivity, Pruitis, Alopecia, Anemia

Is “Cat flea typhus - Rickettsia felis” a vector for disease?

Yes

How do you diagnose fleas?

Flea comb, often times the comb recovers flea dirt (dark brown coffee ground appearance that turns reddish brown on wet white absorbent material)

What is pediculosis?

Infestation of lice!

Anoplura vs mallophaga are both examples of what?

Lice

Can birds or cats host anoplura lice?

No

What is this ectoparasite?

Anoplura (sucking lice) these often have larger bodies and long/narrow heads.

What is this ectoparasite?

Mallophaga lice (biting and chewing) broad/round head

What are common signs of damage from lice?

Pediculosis can lead to weight loss, decreased milk production, damaged hair/hide.

What serves as an intermediate host for Dipylidium Caninum?

Lice

One of the most common signs we see for Anoplura lice is?

Anemia

One of the most common signs we see for Mallophaga lice is?

Pruitis

How do we diagnose lice?

Nits can often be visualized along hair shaft, we can also use flea combs, cellophane tape, thumb forceps and hair clippings

What is Myiasis?

Fly larvae developing in tissues or organs of vertebrate hosts

__________ Feeds on dead tissue, exudate and debris it can also travel through epidermal layer into subcutis - What is this describing?

Larvae (Maggots)

Cochiomyia hominivorax is commonly known as?

New world screw fly

This fly is currently eradicated in the United States and monitored by APHIS - What is it?

New world screworm fly

What damage can new world screw worm flys cause?

Eggs laid at edge of uncontaminated wounds hatch into larvae that bore into healthy tissues, they are also economically devastating in domestic livestock.

These flies are the PRIMARY invader of living tissue - Pick from below

New world screw worm fly

This fly infests rodents, rabbits and occasionally dogs & cats what is it?

Cuterebra spp.

This fly infests the dorsal subcutis of cattle the adults look like bees and are called “Heel flies” what fly is this describing?

Hypoderma spp.

Hypoderma spp is commonly known as?

Ox warble or cattle grub

Cuterebra spp is commonly known as?

Wolf Warble

What damage is caused by Cuterebra spp and Hypoderma spp?

Damage to surrounding tissue, hide damage and Anaphylaxis if larva ruptures while being extracted

Gasterophilus spp is commonly known as?

Horse bots

This fly can deposit small, yellowish oval eggs on the tips Of horse hair often their legs what is it?

Gasterophilus spp (Horse bots)

What damage is seen from Gasterophilus spp (horse bots)

Larvae attach to stomach and can lead to ulcers, colic and rupture of their stomach

Horses lick their hair and swallow the eggs of _______ and the larvae then hatch in their stomach - which fly is this describing?

Gasterophilus spp (Horse bots)

Infestation by mites is called?

Acariasis

The dermatological condition often caused by mites is called ?

Mange

What are “arachnids”?

Mites

What is Sarcoptidae commonly known as?

Burrowing mites like sarcoptes scabiei and notoedres cati

What is Psoroptidae commonly known as?

Surface mites like Chorioptes spp, Psoroptes spp, Otodectes cynotis and Cheyletiella parasitovorax

What are Sarcoptidae mites commonly known as?

Scabies mites

Are sarcoptes scabiei (scabieis mite) contagious?

Yes to members among the same species! They are host specific each has its own variety

Is Sarcoptidae mites (scabies mites) zoonotic?

Yes but its self limiting

What is pictured?

Sarcoptidae Mite (scabiei mite)

What is common signs of damage from Sarcoptidae mites?

Extreme Pruitis, face-ear-elbows and ventral abdomen often affected in dogs but rare in cats. In horses and ruminants their head, neck and shoulders are often affected.

What is this ectoparasite

Sarcoptes scabiei - identify by the long unjointed pedicel, and caudal anus.

How would you diagnose sarcoptes scabiei?

Skins scrape

What is Notoedres cati commonly known as?

Feline head mange

Can Notoedres cati effect rabbits?

Yes!

True or false; Notoedres cati is highly contagious and zoonotic but often self limiting. It presents very similar to sarcoptes spp in presentation and behavior.

True

What is this?

Notoedres cati

How would you diagnose Notoedres cati?

A superficial skin scrape

What is Chorioptes spp. commonly known as?

Foot and tail/itchy leg mite

Are we concerned for small or large animals when discussing Chorioptes spp.?

Large

In sheep and goat is C. Bovis (foot and tail/itchy leg mite) a notifiable disease?

Yes it is

Crusty serous lesions, thickened skin are signs of ?

Chorioptes spp.

What is this ectoparasite?

Chorioptes spp. (foot & tail/itchy leg mite)

Chorioptes spp can be diagnosed by ______?

Skin scrape

P. Cuniculi and P. Ovis are notifiable diseases in sheep & goats - is this true or false ?

True

Psoroptes spp. is a mite of concern in large animals- true or false?

True

Signs of p.cuniculi and p.ovis are ______?

Intense Pruitis

P.ovis and p.cuniculi are highly contagious is this true or false?

True

Psoroptes Cuniculi is more commonly known as?

Ear canker mites

Psoroptes Cuniculi Effects what species?

Mainly rabbits but can also affect sheep, goats and horses.

This mite can cause loss of equilibrium, torticollis (abnormal contraction of neck muscles), head tilt, Pruitis, leisons and dried crusts - What is this describing?

Psoroptes Cuniculi (Ear canker mite)

What is this mite pictured below?

Psoroptes Cuniculi (ear canker mite)

Psoroptes Cuniculi Is diagnosed by?

Ear swabs or superficial skin scrapes

What is otodectes cynotis commonly known as?

The common ear mite of dogs, cats and ferrets

Cheyleitiella parasitovorax is commonly known as?

Walking dandruff/fur mite that infests dogs, cats and rabbits

Is Cheyleitiella parasitovorax zoonotic?

Yes

Name this mite

Cheyleitiella parasitovorax

How do we diagnose Cheyleitiella parasitovorax

Cellophane tape or flea combs

Demodex spp is also known as?

Red mange/follicular mite (species specific)

What is the disease caused by demodex spp in young or immunocompromised animals?

Demodecosis

Which “strain” of demodex spp is contagious ?

Demodex of cats D. Gatoi

Can demodex be a normal flora of the skin?

Yes

What sort of damage is caused by demodex spp

Erythema, secondary skin infections, generalized demodicosis, alopecia of muzzle/face/forelimbs

How do we diagnose demodex spp

Deep skin scrapes (must get capillary oozing) hair plucks as well

What is the ectoparasite pictured here

Demodex spp

Infestation of ticks is called?

Acariasis

What is the only “soft tick” we study?

Otobius megnini

What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus commonly known as?

Brown dog tick

This type of tick is “indoor infesting” meaning they may invade households or kennel environments, they are also drought tolerant. What tick is this describing ?

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)

What diseases can be transmitted by the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus)

Canine Babesiosis, Ehrlichia, hepatozoonosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (rickettsia rickettsii), anaplasmosis

What is Dermacentor variabillis commonly known as?

American dog tick

What is this tick?

American dog tick aka dermacentor variabilis

What environment is dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) found in?

Grassy, scrub brush areas. They use small rodents as hosts but also companion animals and humans

What diseases can dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) transmit?

Frencisella tularensis (tularemia) and rickesttsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever)

What is ixodes scapularis commonly known as?

The deer tick or black legged tick

What tick is this?

Deer tick or black legged tick (Ioxdes scapularis)

What diseases does the ixodes scapularis (deer tick) tick transmit?

Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (anaplasmosis) and erlichiosis

What is Ambylomma americanum commonly known as?

The lone star tick

Which tick is this?

The lone star tick aka ambylomma americanum

What diseases can the ambylomma americanum (lone star tick) transmit?

Ehrlichiosis, rickettsiosis, tularemia and cytauxzoonosis

What is otobius megnini commonly known as?

Spinose ear tick

Is this true or false: Only the larva and nymphs are parasitic when discussing the otobius megnini (spinose ear tick)

True

What is Lyme disease caused by?

Spirochette bacteria borrelia burgdorferi

What is tick paralysis

Ascending paralysis in animals and humans