Health Management

Body Condition

created by henneke in 1983; 1-9, ideal score is 5; doesn’t alter quickly, takes time

Lipids/Fats

what to supplement to improve coat health and overall body condition

hydration; ½ - 1 second

pinch test tests for _____; _____ is normal; pinch the skin on the shoulder and record the number of seconds it takes to return to normal

Capillary Refill Test; 1-2

_____ ____ _____ tests circulation; press thumb against gums, count the number of seconds it takes for color to return after remove thumb; ______ seconds is normal

mucous membranes; pink

these are on the gums and lips, should be this color

deep purple

this color of mucous membrane could signify septic shock

blue

this color of mucous membrane signifies a lack of oxygen

yellow

this color of mucous membrane signifies liver problems (jaundice)

3/8”

normal healthy hooves grow about ____ per month

founder; laminitis

____ causes a dish in the hoof wall, _____ causes deep rings in the hoof

straight line from pastern to ground/point of toe

what you should be able to draw for a correct hoof angle

eye ulcer

divots in eye, cloudiness

bacterial infections, inflammation, management-related issues

things that can cause loose stool or diarrhea

dehydration, not enough exercise (decreased gut motility)

things that can cause dry stool

sand colic or impaction

things that can cause gritty stool

alfalfa or fresh spring pasture

foods that can cause green stool

high beet bulp intake

what can cause reddish-brown stool

vegetable oil

what an excess of can cause oily and gray stool

delayed passage or impaction

what can cause mucus covering or tissue on the stool

lower tract issues

flecks of blood in the stool are caused by

upper tract issues

black feces can be caused by

age, sex, diet

things that can cause manure frequency to vary

6-8 times a day, about 50 lbs

how many times and how much a mare and gelding passes manure

twice as much/often

stallions and foals can pass manure _______

wheat straw

urine should be ___ ___ colored

dehydration, excessive sweat loss, rhabdomyolysis

dark colored urine can signify these

orange-red

naturally occurring compounds in urine oxidize in light to cause this color

Cystitis

what causes bloody and more or less frequent urination

kidney stones

what can cause infrequent or uncomfortable urination

99-101.5

normal temperature for adult horses

99-102.5

normal temperature for foals

30-40 bpm

average pulse for adult horses

60-80 bpm

average pulse for foals

radial artery, maxillary artery, facial artery

different places you can check the pulse on a horse

8-16 breaths per minute

average respiration for adult horses

20-40 breaths per minute

average respiration for foals

inflammation

feeling a digital pulse is a sign of

4

how many quadrants in an equine gut

hypomotile

less than one gut sound in 30 seconds

hypermotile

more than three gut sounds in 30 seconds

TPR, mucous membranes, CRT, digital pulse, signs of pain

assessments you should make for your horse when ADR

water-soluble antibacterial ointment/spray, bandage material, poultice/drawing salves, rubbing alcohol, ivory soap, epsom salt, thermometer, bandage scissors, stethoscope, clean towels, hoof pick and knife, shoe pullers, fly repellant, flashlight, large dosing syringes, small syringes, 20g needles, electrolytes, Aluspray, eye ointment, fly mask, diapers, saran wrap, tape, DMSO, Nitrofurazone, exam gloves, That Blue Stuff/clorhexidine, ice packs

things you should keep in a first aid kit

Flunixin meglumine

pharmaceutical name for Banamine

Phenylbutazone

pharmaceutical name for Bute

Acepromazine, Xylazine

sedatives

sweating

DMSO causes what bodily response

immediately and thoroughly

you should wash wounds

diluted betadine

best thing to flush wounds with

Clostridial Myostitis (Gas Gangrene)

IM Banamine can cause

Clostridium perfringens and C. septicum

gas gangrene is cause by these anaerobic bacteria

fever, off feed, painful swelling at injection site, crepitus

symptoms of gas gangrene

rapid deterioration of health, colic, poor circulation, toxemia, death within 48 hours

common effects of gas gangrene

surgical lacerations and removal of dead tissue

ways gas gangrene is treated

long hospital stay, antibiotics, IV fluids, pain management, procedure may need repeated, 40% still die

why gas gangrene is not worth the IM Banamine