lecture 2 Overview of Human Nervous System

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/15

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

16 Terms

1
New cards

Structure of synapse

  • pre-synaptic cleft: before synapse, has message that needs sent

  • synaptic cleft: space b/w 2 neurons/nerve cells

  • post-synaptic terminal: after synapse, receives message

  • synapse: point of connection b/w 2 neurons in pathway

<ul><li><p><u>pre-synaptic cleft:</u> before synapse, has message that needs sent </p></li><li><p><u>synaptic cleft:</u> space b/w 2 neurons/nerve cells </p></li><li><p><u>post-synaptic terminal:</u> after synapse, receives message </p></li><li><p><u>synapse:</u> point of connection b/w 2 neurons in pathway </p></li></ul><p></p>
2
New cards

Excitatory

  • “yes” send our message

  • glutamate: to brain cells (CNS)

  • acetycholine: to muscle cells (PNS)

3
New cards

Inhibitory

  • “stop” don’t send message

  • GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid): tells next neuron in process to stop (CNS and PNS)

4
New cards

Anterograde

  • action potentials, neurotransmitters

  • forward

<ul><li><p>action potentials, neurotransmitters </p></li><li><p>forward</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
New cards

Retrograde

  • waste products, toxins, viruses

  • gets in through permeable shield

  • backwards

<ul><li><p>waste products, toxins, viruses</p></li><li><p>gets in through permeable shield </p></li><li><p>backwards </p></li></ul><p></p>
6
New cards

apoptosis necrosis injury

  • death

  • road closes

<ul><li><p>death </p></li><li><p>road closes </p></li></ul><p></p>
7
New cards

diaschisis

  • when neuron doesn’t receive stimulation and will die

<ul><li><p>when neuron doesn’t receive stimulation and will die </p></li></ul><p></p>
8
New cards

Excitation

  • excitatory message keeps going

  • “feed forward excitation”

<ul><li><p>excitatory message keeps going </p></li><li><p>“feed forward excitation”</p></li></ul><p></p>
9
New cards

Inhibition

  • Inhibitory message keeps going

  • “feed forward inhibition”

<ul><li><p>Inhibitory message keeps going </p></li><li><p>“feed forward inhibition”</p></li></ul><p></p>
10
New cards

transmission patterns (networks)

  • feedforward

  • feedback

  • lateral

  • convergence

  • divergence

11
New cards

Excitation

  • Feedback: excites neuron EARLIER in circuit

  • Feedforward: excites neuron LATER in circuit

<ul><li><p>Feedback: excites neuron EARLIER in circuit</p></li><li><p>Feedforward: excites neuron LATER in circuit </p></li></ul><p></p>
12
New cards

Inhibition

  • Feedback: inhibits neuron EARLIER in circuit

  • feedforward: inhibits neuron LATER in circuit

  • lateral: inhibits neuron in adjacent circuit (more common)

  • Disinhibition: activates neuron by inhibiting an inhibitory neuron

<ul><li><p>Feedback: inhibits neuron EARLIER in circuit </p></li><li><p>feedforward: inhibits neuron LATER in circuit </p></li><li><p>lateral: inhibits neuron in adjacent circuit (more common)</p></li><li><p>Disinhibition: activates neuron by inhibiting an inhibitory neuron </p></li></ul><p></p>
13
New cards

Lateral Inhibition

picture

<p>picture</p>
14
New cards

Disinhibition

  • “stop stop stop”

  • stop saying stop

  • can go

<ul><li><p>“stop stop stop” </p></li><li><p>stop saying stop</p></li><li><p>can go </p></li></ul><p></p>
15
New cards

convergence

  • integration of multiple neurons

  • facilitates propagation of single signal transmission (increases likelihood of neuronal firing)

    • excitatory and inhibitory

<ul><li><p>integration of multiple neurons </p></li><li><p>facilitates propagation of single signal transmission (increases likelihood of neuronal firing) </p><ul><li><p>excitatory and inhibitory </p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
16
New cards

Divergence

  • coordination of signal transmission from single neuron to multiple neurons

    • excitatory and inhibitory

<ul><li><p>coordination of signal transmission from single neuron to multiple neurons </p><ul><li><p>excitatory and inhibitory </p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>