Anti-Histamine + Allergic Reaction Drugs

Give an example of a first-gen antihistamine.

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

How does diphenhydramine work?

it blocks the effects of histamine

What are side effects of diphenhydramine?

thickened bronchial secretions, anti-cholinergic side effects, paradoxical excitement (kids), confusion (older adults)

Why is diphenhydramine a safety risk?

it’s a falling/driving risk because of the anticholinergic effects associated with it

How might kids be affected by diphenhydramine?

paradoxical excitement (instead of sedation)

How might older adults be affected by diphenhydramien?

confusion

Which patients (other than kids and older adults) should you be concerned about giving diphenhydramine to?

patients with a history of arrhythmias

Give an example of a second-gen antihistamine.

cetirizine (Zyrtec)

What is cetirizine used for?

relief of seasonal allergies

TRUE or FALSE: cetirizine is less sedating than diphenhydramine.

true

Which age range is cetirizine indicated for?

6mo+ (and it’s safe for older adults!)

What is a common herbal remedy for immunity/cold relief?

echinacea

Which people should not take echinacea as a supplement?

if allergic to ragweed or if they have an autoimmune disease

Which medications can echinacea interfere with?

TB, cancer, + HIV meds