Ultrasound Scanning Techniques, Anatomy, and Peritoneal Cavity

Comprehensive fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering transducer holding techniques, probe movements, patient positioning, anatomical terminology, body planes, peritoneal cavity divisions, and spatial relationships of abdominal organs.

In ultrasound, the technique where the sonographer anchors their ring and pinky fingers firmly against the patient's skin is known as the __________ technique.

Tripod

Holding the probe near its base using the thumb and first 2–3 fingers like a pen provides fine motor control in the __________ grip technique.

Pencil

During ultrasound probe manipulation, the __________ motion moves through a structure of interest along the X axis, causing greater movement in the far field than in the near field.

Fan

Tilting the transducer along the Y axis to center a structure of interest without moving the near field is known as __________.

Rocking

When moving the transducer across the patient's skin so that the near field and far field move at the exact same rate/speed, the sonographer is performing a __________.

Slide

Changing the axis of a structure of interest from short axis to long axis along the Z axis is accomplished by using probe __________.

Rotation

Unlike fanning, probe __________ involves moving through an object such that the rate of movement in the far field equals the rate of movement in the near field.

Sweep

Applying pressure with the transducer to evaluate weaker-walled structures or assess tender spots like Murphy's sign is known as probe __________.

Compression

A patient lying flat on their back with their head tilted lower than their feet is in the __________ position.

Trendelenburg

When a patient lies flat on the left side of their body, they are in the __________ position.

Left lateral decubitus

Having a patient take a deep breath in and hold it pushes organs such as the liver, gallbladder, and spleen below the __________.

ribcage

The dynamic maneuver where a patient bears down as if having a bowel movement to increase internal pressure and reveal small hernias is called the __________ maneuver.

Valsalva

The vertical imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections is the __________ plane.

coronal

The plane cutting horizontally through an upright human body to divide it into superior and inferior halves is the __________ plane.

transverse

A structure situated at, on, or toward the middle or midline of the body is referred to as __________.

medial

A structure closest to its point of origin or attachment is designated as __________, while a structure farthest from its origin is designated as __________.

proximal; distal

In an anterior approach sagittal scanning plane, the top of the image screen corresponds to the __________ surface.

Anterior (Skin)

A true cyst appears __________ on an ultrasound image because it is completely echo-free.

anechoic

Compared to normal liver parenchyma, the pancreas typically appears __________ while the renal cortex typically appears __________.

hyperechoic; hypoechoic

In cross-section, peripheral nerve fibers present a stippled pattern, whereas in longitudinal section they demonstrate a __________ pattern.

honeycombed

The layer of peritoneum that directly covers the organs (serosa) is the __________ peritoneum, whereas the layer lining the cavity wall is the __________ peritoneum.

visceral; parietal

Double folds of peritoneum that connect intraperitoneal body structures to the cavity wall and transport blood vessels and nerves are known as the __________.

mesentery

The largest fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach like an apron over the intestines is the __________ omentum.

greater

The communication pathway between the greater sac and lesser sac is called the epiploic foramen, or foramen of __________.

Winslow

In the retroperitoneal mnemonic SAD PUCKER, the letter 'D' stands for the horizontal, ascending, and descending parts of the __________.

Duodenum

In the intraperitoneal mnemonic SALTD SPRSS, the strictly intraperitoneal portion of the pancreas is the __________.

tail

The right subhepatic space located between the right kidney and the right liver lobe is commonly known as __________ pouch.

Morison's

The subphrenic spaces are divided into right and left spaces by the __________ ligament.

falciform

The perirenal space, which surrounds the kidney, adrenal gland, and surrounding fat, is enclosed by __________ fascia.

Gerota's

In females, the rectouterine pouch located between the uterus and rectum is also known as the pouch of __________.

Douglas

The white line of connective tissue located in the midline of the anterior abdominal wall extending from the xiphoid process to the pelvic bones is the __________.

linea alba

The common hepatic duct joins the __________ duct to form the common bile duct.

cystic

The portal-splenic confluence is formed directly posterior to the __________ of the pancreas.

neck

Both the kidneys and the portal vein demonstrate a __________ orientation within the body.

vertical oblique

The pancreas has a __________ orientation, with its lateral end slightly more superior than its medial end.

horizontal oblique