Ethology Day One (INCOMPLETE)
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19 Terms
What animals usually live in their natural environment and as a species, have had minimal to no human-related genetic manipulation?
Wild
What do you call a large subset of previously wild animals that have undergone slective breeding over many generations that resulted in 1 or more changes?
Domestic
What changes can animals undergo during domestication?
physical differences
behavioral changes
physiological differences
How many chromosomes did Prezewalski’s horse have compared to modern horses?
66 chromosomes (modern 64)
What do you call an individual wild, domestic, or feral animal that has learned not to fear 1 or more humans and does not flee from their approach?
Tame
Is “untamed” a term for a group or an individual?
An individual
What do you call a alrge subset of previously domesticated animals that have undergone reverse domestication over many generations that resulted in physical, behavior, or physiological changes?
Feral
What are two examples of Feral animals
wild dogs of carolinas
dingo
What do you call a free-libing group of domestic animals that are not owned?
Community
What word is often misapplied to animal communities?
Feral
What did humans originally use animals for roughly 2 million years ago?
meat and clothing
When and why did domestication begin?
10,000-15,000 years ago
nomad lifestyles gave way to permanent shelters and farming
What are the desired traits for domestication?
human need
group structure
promiscuous mating
multiplee strous cycles
clear sexual readiness signals
easily tamed
generalized diets
adaptable to range of environments
limited agility
Why did Group structure matter for domestication?
Needed hierarchically structured groups to keep large numbers in minimal spaces with minimal territory and resource disputes
When were dogs domesticated?
12,000-15,000 years ago from semi-tame grey wolves
How long did it take Russians to turn foxes into “dogs”?
20 generations
What genes did the Russian fox study associate with the change?
GTF21 and GTF21RD1
When were dogs first bred for physical traits?
1100 years ago (999 AD in China with Pekingnese)