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Standard enthalpy change of formation
enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states under standard conditions
Standard enthalpy change of combustion
enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely combusted in oxygen under standard conditions
Enthalpy change of reaction
products - reactants
Hess’s Law
the total enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the route taken from the reactants to the products
Bond Enthalpy
the amount of energy needed to break a covalent bond during a chemical reaction
Average bond enthalpy
the average value of the enthalpy required to break a given type of covalent bond in the molecules of a gaseous species
Bond breaking
Endothermic
Bond making
Exothermic
equation for the amount of heat transferred
q = mcΔT
If we want to calculate the enthalpy change of a reaction per mole, we have to use the equation:
ΔH = -q (mcΔT) / n
where n = number of moles that have reacted
