Moral Education Lecture Flashcards

Morality

Accepted standards of good or right and bad or wrong behaviour according to societal set standards.

Moral Actions

Behaviours considered to be right, such as showing kindness, speaking the truth, showing respect, and caring for the sick.

Immoral Actions

Behaviours that are considered to be bad, such as stealing and killing another person.

Amoral Actions

Behaviours displayed by individuals who cannot distinguish between right and wrong, such as a baby setting a house on fire or a mentally ill person walking naked.

Utilitarianism

A ethical principle formulated by Jeremy Bentham stating that the good or bad aspect of an action is determined by its result, and that an action is morally acceptable if it brings the greatest happiness to the greatest number.

Kantian Theory

Immanuel Kant's theory that evaluates the rightness or wrongness of an action based on the intentions or motives of the person performing it, holding that the end does not always justify the means.

Relativism

An ethical theory stating that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends on personal emotions and cultural context, meaning what is considered good in one culture may be unacceptable in another.

Moral Values

Principles that individuals or groups consider important and that encourage proper behaviour, such as honesty, caring, love, compassion, and generosity.

Self-Concept

The mental image, understanding, and perception that an individual holds about oneself.

High Self-Esteem

A positive feeling and good opinion an individual holds about their own worth and value.

Self-Assertiveness

The ability to defend one's views and stand up for one's rights in a clear and reasonable manner while respecting others.

Autonomy

The ability to act independently, make decisions freely, and govern one's own affairs without outside control.

Interpersonal Skills

Tools and communication abilities that enable individuals to interact and build positive relationships with others.

Abstinence Sex Education

A type of sex education that promotes refraining from sexual activity until marriage as the only morally correct option, excluding positive information about contraception.

Comprehensive Sex Education

A sex education model providing information on both abstinence and contraception, alongside topics on human anatomy, reproduction, and prevention of STIs.

Celibacy

The state of remaining unmarried and abstaining from sexual activity specifically for religious purposes.

Chastity

Refraining from sexual intercourse for personal, moral, health, or spiritual reasons.

Heterosexuality

A sexual orientation involving emotional and physical attraction between individuals of the opposite sex.

Homosexuality

A sexual orientation involving emotional and physical attraction between individuals of the same sex.

Bisexuality

A sexual orientation in which an individual is sexually attracted to people of both the same sex and the opposite sex.

Adultery

Voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and someone who is not their lawful spouse.

Fornication

Sexual intercourse between unmarried individuals.

Incest

Sexual intercourse between individuals who are closely related by blood.

Paedophilia

A psychiatric condition in which an adult or older adolescent (aged 16 or older) experiences primary sexual attraction to prepubescent children aged 11 or younger.

Bestiality

Sexual intercourse between a human being and an animal.

Defilement

The act of engaging a minor who is below the legal age of consent (under 16 years) in sexual intercourse.

Prostitution

Engaging in sexual activities in exchange for financial payment, goods, or commercial gain.

Monogamy

A form of marriage in which an individual is married to only one spouse at a time.

Polyandry

A marital practice in which a woman is married to more than one husband simultaneously.

Polygyny

A marital practice in which a man is married to more than one wife simultaneously.