Areas of Occupation, Performance Skills, and Client Factors

occupational therapy

defined as the therapeutc use of everyday life occupations with persons, groups, or populations (i.e., the client) for the purpose of enhancing or enabling occupation

domains of OT

the “what” of what we do

• occupations

• contects

• performance patterns

• performance skills

• client factors

dysfunction terms

• Client factors & Performance skills— Impairments

• Activites (occupations)— Limitations

• Partcipation (roles)— Restrictions

ADLs

• Bathing/Showering

• Toiletng & Toilet Hygiene

• Dressing

• Eating & Swallowing

• Feeding

• Functional Mobility

• Personal Hygiene & Grooming

• Sexual Activity

IADLs

• Care Of Others

• Care Of Pets & Animals

• Communication Management

• Driving & Community Mobility

• Financial Management

• Home Establishment & Management

• Meal Preparation & Cleanup

• Religious & Spiritual Expression

• Safety & Emergency Maintenance

• Shopping

Health Management

• Social & Emotonal Health Promoton & Maintenance

• Symptom & Condition Management

• Communicaton with The Health Care System

• Medication Management

• Physical Activity

• Nutriton Management

• Personal Care Device Management

Rest & Sleep

• Rest

• Sleep

• Sleep preparation

Education

• Formal Educatonal partcipaton

• Informal personal educatonal needs or interests exploraton

• Informal education partcipation

Work

• Employment Interests & Pursuits

• Employment Seeking & Acquisiton

• Job Performance & Maintenance

• Retirement Preparaton & Adjuustment

• Volunteer Exploraton

• Volunteer Partcipation

Play

• Play Exploration

• Play Partcipation

Leisure

• Leisure Exploration

• Leisure Participation

Social Participation

• Community Partcipation

• Family Partcipation

• Friendships

• Intimate & Partner Relationships

• Peer Group Participation

occupations & activities

• Consistent with PEOP

• Occupations are made up of tasks/actvites

• The presence of a disease, illness, or disability may or may not affect performance in occupations

performance skills

represent skills necessary to complete activites & occupations

• motor skills

• process skills

• social interaction skills

client factors

Comprised of OT specific items & ICF classification of skills & structures

• values, beliefs, & spirituality

• body functions

• body structures

values, beliefs, & spirituality

• Builds on the ‘Attitudes’ of the ICF

• These may affect response to diagnoses, but also are affected by diagnoses

body functions

‒ Mental functions

‒ Sensory functions/pain

‒ Cardiovascular, hematological, immunological, & respiratory

‒ Neuromusculoskeletal

‒ Skin

body structures

‒ Nervous system

‒ Eye, ear, & related structures

‒ Cardiovascular, immunological, & respiratory

‒ Digestive, metabolic & endocrine

‒ Movement

‒ Skin & related structures

health

must include recognition of a person’s ability to actively participate in the many spheres of their life, including social participation, education, employment, leisure, activities of daily living, and health management

• transactional relationship

activity limitation

A difficulty an individual has in executing a task or action.

ex: The client is unable to prepare a meal because they fatigue quickly and can't stand at the stove for more than a few minutes.

participation restrictions

A problem an individual has in involvement in life situations or roles

ex: The client is unable to return to their job as a teacher due to ongoing brain fog and difficulty concentrating.

client factor impairment

A problem in body function or structure, such as fatigue, shortness of breath, or memory deficits.

ex: The client experiences chronic fatigue and shortness of breath during mild exertion.

performance skill impairment

A problem with observable elements of performance, like motor, process, or social skills.

ex: The client has difficulty sequencing steps to complete a basic task like making coffee.