Systematics ID

Asteraceae inflorescence

Inflorescence is a capitulum

Asteraceae calyx

Calyx is modified into hairs, scales, bristles, or awns called the pappus

Asteraceae disk

Disk florets are actinomorphic with 5 fused petals

Asteraceae ray

Ray florets are zygomorphic with 3 fused petals, as demonstrated by the 3 teeth present at the tip of the corolla

Asteraceae anthers

Anthers form a tube around the style

Asteraceae filaments

Filaments are fused to inside of corolla

Asteraceae ovary

Ovary is inferior

Boraginaceae leaves

Leaves usually simple, alternate, without stipules; leaf surface and stems often rough and hispidly hairy with cystoliths at the base

Boraginaceae inflorescence

Often coiled cymes

Boraginaceae petals

Petals fused into corolla tube

Boraginaceae stamen

Stamens are as many as the petals, and fused to the base of the corolla tube in between the petal lobes

Boraginaceae ovary

Style emerges from a dip in the middle of the ovary at the base of the carpels (gynobasic)

Caryophyllaceae leaves

Leaves simple, entire, and opposite

Caryophyllaceae nodes

Often swollen nodes

Caryophyllaceae sexuality

Flowers usually bisexual

Caryophyllaceae symmetry

Flowers usually actionomorphic

Caryophyllaceae ovary

Ovary superior

Lamiaceae stem

Stem usually square

Lamiaceae aromatic

Plants often aromatic due to glandular trichomes containing essential oils

Lamiaceae leaves

Leaves usually opposite

Lamiaceae inflorescence

Flowers arranged in verticillasters

Lamiaceae flowers

Corolla 5 fused petals, bilabiate

Lamiaceae stamens

Usually 4 didynamous stamens

Lamiaceae gynoecium

Bicarpellate, syncarpous, with a superior ovary

Lamiaceae fruit

Fruit a schizocarp which splits into 4 one seeded indehiscent nutlets

Plantaginaceae leaves

Leaves with no stipule

Plantaginaceae flowers

Flowers bisexual and zygomorphic

Plantaginaceae calyx

calyx 2-8 fused sepals, equal in length

Plantaginaceae corolla

Corolla 2-8 fused petals

Plantaginaceae stamens

4 didynamous stamens

Plantaginaceae ovary

Ovary superior with 2 carpels and 2 styles

Plantaginaceae fruit

Capsules which split along the junction line between the two carpels to release the seeds

Poaceae stems

Culms are typically cylindrical with hollow internodes and solid nodes

Poaceae leaves

Leaf blades are alternate, distichous, simple, linear

Poaceae ligule

Ligule, the membranous or hairy outgrowth at the junction of sheath and blade

Poaceae inflorescence

Basic unit of a grass inflorescence is a spikelet

Poaceae sepals

The lemma is the outer bract

Poaceae petals

Lodicules, 2-3 small, fleshy scales at the base

Poaceae stamens

2-3 stamens

Poaceae ovary

Ovary superior, unilocular with one ovule, and 2-3 feathery stigmas

Poaceae fruit

Caryopsis

Solanaceae leaves

Leaves alternate (or spiral) and exstipulate

Solanaceae calyx

5 fused sepals, usually persistent

Solanaceae corolla

5 fused petals, actinomorphic

Solanaceae gynoecium

Bicarpellate, superior ovary

Solanaceae fruit

Berry or drupe