Chapter 12 HHD

WHO overview (INTRO)

The WHO is a branch of the United Nations and it was established in 1948. The WHO works with governments and agencies of 194 countries to improve the health and wellbeing of all people and achieve the SDG3 targets.

What is aid/important or necessary? (INTRO)

Aid is assistance, help or support provided to someone in need. Aid is important because it helps to reduce poverty and saves lives during crisis.

WHO’s goals

Promote health: healthier population. Protect health: health emergencies. Provide health: universal health coverage.

Objectives of the goals.

Promote health: 1. Respond to climate change which is an increasing health threat. 2. Address health determinants and the main causes of ill-health. Provide health: 3. Advance primary healthcare and essential health system capacities for universal health coverage. 4. Improve health service coverage and financial protection to address inequity and gender inequalities. Protect health: 5. Prevent, mitigate and prepare for risks to health from all hazards. 6. rapidly detect and sustain an emergency response to all health emergencies.

Types of aid

Bilateral, multilateral and NGO’s.

Bilateral aid

Aid provided by the government of one country directly to the government of another country. Purpose: to build strong relationships with neighbouring countries to help promote regional security.

Multilateral aid

Aid provided through an international organisation, which receives fund from many countries to support countries in need. Purpose: Reduce poverty and achieve equity in health outcomes.

NGO’S

Aid provided by organisation that are independent from their governments although they do sometimes receive funding from the government. Purpose: Address poverty by working with communities to provide assistance that aligns with the needs of the community.

Features of effective aid programs

1. ownership by the recipient country- The recipient country helps decide what aid it needs and how it should be implemented.

2. Focused on development results
   → Aid should create lasting improvements in poverty, inequality, health and human development.

3. Partnerships and collaboration
   → Governments, NGOs and local communities work together and use their different strengths.

4. Monitoring and evaluation
   → Monitoring checks funding is used correctly, while evaluation checks whether the program is achieving its aims.