neurobio lecture 4 Gross Organization 1 9/9

what includes the cns

brain and spinal chord

what does the cns do

interprets sensory input, initiates movement, mediates complex cognitive processes

afferents

bring sensory information into the cns

efferentes

carry motor signals away from the cns

what are the 2 parts of the pns

somatic and autonomic

what are the 2 parts of the somatic nervous system

afferent and efferent

what are the 2 types of efferent nerves (autonomic)

sympathetic and parasympathetic

what is the sympathetic nervous system

fight or flight

what is the parasympathetic nervous system

rest and digest

what does ipsilateral mean

structures on the same side of the head

what does contralateral mean

structures on opposite sides of the head

sagittal cuts…

left vs right

horizontal cuts

top vs bottom

frontal (coronal) cuts…

front vs back

cross section cuts…

right angle to a long narrow structure

what is the cerebrum responsible for?

receive sensory input and control motor output to the contralateral side of the body

what is the cerebellum resposible for?

primary motor control center and each hemisphere control the ipsilateral side of body

what is the brain stem responsible for?

forms the stalk where cerebrum and cerebellum sprout

what are the 3 major fissures?

longitudinal, central, lateral

what are the 4 lobes of the brain

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

what are the 3 large gyri

precentral, postcentral, superior temporal

what are fissures

large groves

what are sulci

small grooves

what are gyri

bumps

what is the cerebrum extremely convoluted

to maximize cortical surface area in small cranium

what are the cerebral hemispheres connected by

fiber tracts called commissures

what is the largest commissure

corpus callosum

what are the 4 divisions of the brain stem

diencephalon, midbrain, pons, medula

what makes up the diencephalon

thalamus, hypothalamus

what makes up the midbrain

tectum, tegmentum