Elemental Oxygen

50%

Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust. About ___ of the mass of the crust consists of oxygen combined with other elements, especially silicon

20%

Oxygen accounts for about ___ of the mass of air.

O2, O3

Oxygen occurs in the atmosphere mainly as __ molecules, with a much smaller amount occurring as __ molecules.

89%

About ___ of the mass of water is oxygen.

elemental oxygen

At ordinary temperatures _______________ is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It is slightly denser than air and only slightly soluble in water.

Yes, it is true

Is it true that, Oxygen is only slightly soluble in water; about 49 mL of O₂ gas dissolves in 1 L of water at STP and that despite this low solubility, dissolved oxygen is essential for aquatic life?

Air

This is where most commercially isolated oxygen is obtained from

Electrolysis of water

A smaller amount of oxygen (than compared to air) is produced by this process.

A Form of Fractional Distillation

• Cooling and compressing air until it becomes liquid.

• Allowing the liquid air to warm.

• Separating its components according to their different boiling points.

90 K

Approximate boiling point of the liquid oxygen

77 K

Approximate boiling point of the liquid nitrogen

different boiling points. Nitrogen vaporizes at the lower temperature, allowing oxygen to be separated from it.

It is easier to separate the liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen because of the…

It acts as the oxidizing agent, accepting electrons as another substance is oxidized.

Why is oxygen essential to many combustion processes (including the burning of fuels)?

Oxygen acts as the final oxidizing agent in the reactions that release usable energy from chemical compounds.

Plants, animals, and many other organisms use O₂ during cellular respiration. Oxygen, in such processes ultimately acts as what?

Oxyhemoglobin

Gets formed when oxygen entering the blood through the lungs binds to hemoglobin. The blood transports oxygen in this form to tissues throughout the body.

blood, hemoglobin, tissues, cells, carbon dioxide, water

Oxygen passes from the lungs into the _____, binds to __________, and is transported to _______. There it is transferred to _____ and used as a chemical oxidant. The ultimate oxidation products include _____________ and _____.

Through the slow oxidation of chemical compounds from food.

How does the body obtains the energy?

combustion outside the body, although biological oxidation occurs through controlled reaction pathways.

The overall energy released is fundamentally the same chemical energy that would be released if the food underwent …

Oxygen-enriched air

__________________ can be administered when a patient is receiving an inadequate supply of oxygen, such as under certain medical conditions involving impaired oxygen delivery or respiration.

oxidizing agent

The chemical industry uses oxygen as an _______________ in many processes. Major applications include:

• chemical manufacturing,

• removing carbon from iron during steel production,

• metal fabrication,

• metal cutting, and

• metal welding.

Oxyhydrogen and Oxyacetylene Torches

Name the two types of Oxyfuel Torches

Oxyhydrogen Torch

Pure oxygen is used with fuels such as hydrogen. The resulting high-temperature flames are useful for cutting and welding metals.

Oxyacetylene Torch

Pure oxygen is used with fuels such as acetylene. The resulting high-temperature flames are useful for cutting and welding metals.

Liquid Oxygen

It is extremely important in the space industry. It serves as an oxidizing agent in rocket engines and can also provide gaseous oxygen for life-support systems

Chemical Equation of Photosynthesis

6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g)

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich compounds such as glucose while releasing oxygen into the atmosphere

Light and Chlorophyll

Two things required for the process of Photosynthesis

Because photosynthesis continually replenishes atmospheric oxygen by converting CO2 and H2O back into organic matter and O2. This helps counter the consumption of oxygen during respiration and other oxidation processes.

Why is the process of photosynthesis considered as the Atmospheric Oxygen Replenishment?

Respiration and Photosynthesis

Name the two processes that form the complementary parts of the biological oxygen cycle