AP World History Notes (1200-1450) Flashcards

A set of QA-style flashcards covering key concepts from the AP World History notes (1200-1450), including governments, religion, trade networks, empires, and cultural diffusion.

Fill in the Blank: The dynastic cycle states that a dynasty continues as long as the ruler has the __.

Mandate of Heaven

Question: Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes a social hierarchy and the good of the common people?

Confucianism

Fill in the Blank: The Confucian principle requiring children to treat their parents and elders with respect is called __.

Filial Piety

Question: What is the term for a grant of land from a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and military service?

Fief

Fill in the Blank: Champa Rice was drought-resistant and allowed multiple harvests; this caused what?

improved agricultural productivity and population growth.

Question: What was the Grand Canal's primary function in China?

To transport goods between the southern agricultural regions and northern cities (e.g., Hangzhou).

Fill in the Blank: Silk and __ were major exports from China that spurred trade.

Porcelain

Question: Samarkand functioned as a key __ on the Silk Road.

trading hub

Fill in the Blank: The polity that rose in northern India due to weakening states and Abbasid power, allowing Turkic rulers to take over, is the __.

Delhi Sultanate

Question: Which empire rose in the Middle East/Central Asia due to caliphate weakness and enabled Turkic Islamization?

Seljuk Empire

Fill in the Blank: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi contributed to major advances in mathematics, including the development of __.

trigonometry

Question: What were Bimaristans in the Islamic world?

Hospitals in major Islamic cities

Fill in the Blank: The translation of Arabic texts into Latin in Spain helped fuel Europe’s Renaissance; this scholarly transfer is called __.

Scholarly transfers in Spain

Question: Name two major branches of Buddhism mentioned in the notes.

Theravada and Mahayana

Fill in the Blank: Angkor Wat was built by the __ Empire and later included Buddhist statues.

Khmer

Question: Which East African kingdom was Christian and linked to Indian Ocean trade?

Ethiopia

Fill in the Blank: Great Zimbabwe controlled exports of __ to the Swahili coast.

Gold

Question: How were Maya city-states organized politically?

Independent city-states unified by religion/ritual

Fill in the Blank: The Maya developed the concept of __, a place-value zero.

Zero

Question: What was the Inca’s labor system called that organized public works and infrastructure?

Mit’a (Mit'a)

Fill in the Blank: The Aztec capital was __.

Tenochtitlan

Question: In medieval Europe, which system involved lords granting land in exchange for loyalty and military service?

Feudalism

Fill in the Blank: The estate-based, self-sufficient system where peasants produced for the manor is called __.

Manorialism

Question: What architectural style in medieval Europe reflected Christianity and produced grand cathedrals?

Gothic cathedrals

Fill in the Blank: Diasporic communities are groups living abroad with strong ties to their homeland; an example is Arabs in East Africa or Chinese in Southeast Asia. This concept is called __.

Diasporic communities

Question: What was Pax Mongolica?

A period of relative peace across Eurasia under Mongol rule that facilitated trade

Fill in the Blank: The Mongol Empire split into khanates including the Golden Horde, Ilkhanate, Chagatai, and __.

Yuan Dynasty

Question: What is the name for the sea-based network linking East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and China?

Indian Ocean Trade Network

Fill in the Blank: The financial instrument 'flying money' allowed merchants to deposit funds and withdraw them remotely, aiding long-distance trade.

Flying money

Question: Which Chinese city near the Grand Canal was a major inland trade hub?

Hangzhou

Fill in the Blank: A major luxury good traded along the Silk Road was __.

Silk

Fill in the Blank: Paper technology contributed to education and scholarship, notably aiding the __ in Baghdad.

House of Wisdom

Question: Which two travelers’ accounts helped Europeans understand distant regions?

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo

Fill in the Blank: The spread of Islam and other religions along trade routes often led to __ and religious architecture reflecting diffusion.

diffusion of religions