CSDS Chapter 1 Part 2

Morphology

The study of the internal structure of words and the smallest grammatical units called morphemes.

Morpheme

The smallest grammatical unit that cannot be divided; it can be free or bound.

Phonology

The study of the smallest units of speech sounds (phonemes) that can signal a difference in meaning.

Phoneme

The smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning.

Syntax

The set of rules that governs the structure of sentences and the organization of words into phrases.

Semantics

The study of meaning in language, focusing on word meanings and word combinations.

Pragmatics

The study of how context influences the interpretation and use of language in social interactions.

Free morpheme

A morpheme that can stand alone as a word and conveys meaning by itself.

Bound morpheme

A morpheme that cannot stand alone and must be attached to a free morpheme to convey meaning.

Semantic features

Aspects of meaning that characterize a word, contributing to its definition and use.

Selection restrictions

Rules that prohibit certain word combinations based on their meanings.

Synonyms

Words that have identical or very similar meanings.

Antonyms

Words that differ in opposite value of a single important feature.

Phonotactics

Rules that govern the permissible combinations and sequences of phonemes in a language.

Conversational rules

Guidelines for effective communication, including turn-taking and topic maintenance.