Inorganic solids equations

Born Haber Cycle Equation

ΔHf∘​=ΔHsublimation​+IE+1/2​D+EA+ΔHlattice​

Where:

• ΔHf∘​ = Standard enthalpy of formation

• ΔHsublimation​ = Sublimation energy of the metal

• IE = Ionization energy of the metal

• D = Bond dissociation energy of the nonmetal molecule

• EA = Electron affinity of the nonmetal

• ΔHlattice​ = Lattice energy (often determined indirectly)

General steps of the Born Haber Cycle

1. Sublimation of the metal

2. Ionisation of the metal atom

3. Dissociation of the non metal atom

4. Electron affinity of the non metal atom (anion)

5. Formation of the ionic compound

Lattice enthalpy equatio

Kapuntskii equation

FCC

1. How many atoms in the unit cell?

2. Packing efficiency?

3. Coordination number?

4. Where are the atoms placed?

5. E.g.?

1. 4 atoms

2. 74%

3. 12

4. Atoms are located at the corners and center of each face of the cube.

5. Cu, Au, Ag

Simple Cubic Cell

1. How many atoms in the unit cell?

2. Packing efficiency?

3. Coordination number?

4. Where are the atoms placed?

5. E.g.?

1. 1 atom

2. 52%

3. 6

4. Atoms are located at the corners of the cube.

5. Po, Cs

BCC

1. How many atoms in the unit cell?

2. Packing efficiency?

3. Coordination number?

4. Where are the atoms placed?

5. E.g.?

1. 2 atoms

2. 68%

3. 8

4. Atoms are located at the corners and one atom in the center of the cube.

5. Fe, Cr

HCP

1. How many atoms in the unit cell?

2. Packing efficiency?

3. Coordination number?

4. Where are the atoms placed?

5. E.g.?

1. 6 atoms

2. 74%

3. 12

4. Atoms are located at the corners of the hexagonal base and in the center of the top and bottom faces.

5. Mg, Zn

Packing efficiency equation

Unit cell parameter of BCC

Unit cell parameter of FCC

Density equation