adjunct II lab quiz 1

what are the 3 E's

explain

expose

examine

what points should be covered when explaining procedure to patient

name of therapy

why this therapy and how it works

how it is applied and what it feels like

contraindications

any questions?

what should be done during expose portion

ask patient to point to area involved

instruct patient about gowning and why it is necessary

achieve patient comfort

maintain patient modesty

what are you inspecting for when examining the area

signs of edema, redness, bruising, vascular fragility, open wounds, rashes, scars

tenderness, spasm, adhesions, alteration in pain and temperature sensation

T/F: you can leave the room when therapeutic applications are in use

false - cannot leave patient unattended

what is cryotherapy used for

decrease pain, control hemorrhage/swelling, reduce metabolites, reduce hypoxia, and reduce myospasms

how does cryotherapy reduce pain

blocking the pain gate, sedating local nerve endings, increasing production of enkephalins

how does cryotherapy slow hemorrhaging and swelling

vasoconstriction of blood vessels

how does cryotherapy reduce myospasms

effects of muscle spindle fibers

-INCREASED threshold --> need more stimulation

what would you feel as cold therapy is applied

cold sensation --> burning --> aching --> numbness

what is the goal of cryotherapy

numbness

what are contraindications of cryotherapy

impaired circulation

raynaud's

cold urticaria

skin anesthesia

hypersensitivity to cold

chilblains (pernio)

cryoglobulinemia

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

what are precautions of cryotherapy

over areas of infection

over open wounds

avoid large areas if person has cardiac problems, respiratory problems, hypertension

what conditions require you to practice caution with cryotherapy

rheumatoid

gouty arthritis

what must be done to prevent frostbite and aid in conduction when applying an ice pack

moist towel placed between skin and ice pack

what can be used with an ice pack if a patient has an aversion to cold

warm moist towel

what reduces cold loss with use of ice pack

covering the icepack with a towel

how long should you apply an ice pack

no more than 20 minutes every two waking hours or until numb

how is ice massage done

apply ice directly to skin with either a circular or back and forth motions

firm pressure

how long should ice massage be done

terminated with numbness stage has been reached --> normally 7-10 minutes

what areas but require caution for frostbite when doing ice massage

bony prominences

what parts of the body is best for ice bath

hands, feet, wrists and ankles

what ratio of water to crushed ice is used for ice bath

1:1

how long should ice bath be utitlized

no more than 10 minutes or once numbness is achieved

how can you avoid severe pain or fainting with ice bath

water may be slowly cooled over time --> extends treatment time